A rapid route to aminocyclopropanes via carbamatoorganozinc carbenoids.

A rapid route to aminocyclopropanes via carbamatoorganozinc carbenoids.
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DOI:
10.1002/anie.201304720
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发表时间:
2013-09-16
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Motherwell, William B.
Motherwell, William B.
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ishikawa, Shingo;Sheppard, Tom D.;D'Oyley, Jarryl M.;Kamimura, Akio;Motherwell, William B.

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氨基环丙烷单元广泛存在于各种生物活性天然产物和药物中[1],其固有的反应性可用于合成有用的开环反应。[2]氨基环丙烷的制备引起了相当大的关注,尽管许多方法需要预制的环丙烷的官能团操纵,如环丙基羧酸的Curtius重排,[3]硝基环丙烷的还原,[4]环丙酮衍生物的还原胺化,[5]和环丙基氯硼烷与叠氮化合物的反应。[6]几何定义的烯胺和烯胺衍生物的环丙烷化[7],以及使用酰胺[9]或腈的库林科维奇反应的优雅变体[8]也提供了多种方法。从概念上讲,最简单的方法是将受保护的氨基卡宾添加到烯烃中,因为这将使从大量容易获得的几何定义的烯烃制备氨基环丙烷成为可能。不幸的是,除了Barluenga等人的一个美丽的例子。涉及基于铬的二烷氨基卡宾,[11]费希尔卡宾不能用于这样的反应,因为它们经历了竞争性的歧化反应。在这里,我们报告了一种简单直接的一锅法合成受保护的氨基环丙烷,该反应的特点是第一次原位生成了迄今未知的氨基甲酸锌卡宾(方案1)。
The aminocyclopropane unit can be found in a wide variety of biologically active natural products and pharmaceuticals,[1] and its inherent reactivity can be harnessed in synthetically useful ring-opening reactions.[2] The preparation of aminocyclopropanes has attracted considerable attention, though many approaches require functional-group manipulation of a preformed cyclopropane, as in the Curtius rearrangement of cyclopropylcarboxylic acids,[3] reduction of nitrocyclopropanes,[4] reductive amination of cyclopropanone derivatives,[5] and the reaction of cyclopropylchloroboranes with azides.[6] The cyclopropanation of geometrically defined enamine and enamide derivatives [7] and the elegant variants of the Kulinkovich reaction [8] using amides [9] or nitriles,[10] also provide versatile methods. Conceptually, the simplest approach would be the addition of a protected aminocarbenoid to an alkene, as this would enable the preparation of aminocyclopropanes from the vast array of readily accessible geometrically defined alkenes. Unfortunately, save for a beautiful example by Barluenga et al. involving a chromium-based dialkylamino carbenoid,[11] Fischer carbenoids cannot be used in such reactions since they undergo competing metathesis. Herein, we report a simple and direct one pot synthesis of protected aminocyclopropanes, a reaction which features the first in situ generation of hitherto unknown carbamatoorganozinc carbenoids (Scheme 1).
DOI: 10.1002/anie.199604131
发表时间: 1996-03-01
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