Human jackstone arms show a protein-rich, X-ray lucent core, suggesting that proteins drive their rapid and linear growth.
Human jackstone arms show a protein-rich, X-ray lucent core, suggesting that proteins drive their rapid and linear growth.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00240-021-01275-1
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Williams JC Jr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Canela VH;Dzien C;Bledsoe SB;Borofsky MS;Boris RS;Lingeman JE;El-Achkar TM;Williams JC Jr
杰克斯通结石的手臂从结石的身体延伸出来，在一个多世纪前首次被描述，但对结石的这种形态研究很少。我们用微型计算机断层扫描(Micro-CT)和红外光谱(IR)检测了来自50个不同患者标本的98块千层石。Micro CT显示，杰克石手臂由每个手臂内的一个X射线朗讯核心组成。这个X光朗讯核心经常显示零星的薄层磷灰石，横向排列在手臂的轴线上。夹层岩的贝壳总是由草酸钙(CaOx)组成，并与一水合物一起形成大多数或唯一的矿物。显微CT对壳层区域分层的研究表明，生长线从石体延伸到杰克手臂上，而且杰克手臂的壳层厚度往往随着距离石头身体的距离而变薄，表明手臂的径向生长速度比石头身体快。脱钙夹层石臂的组织切片显示核比CaOx壳具有更强的自身荧光，免疫组织化学显示核富含Tamm-Horsfall蛋白。我们假设，杰克手臂富含蛋白质的核心可能优先从尿液中结合更多的蛋白质，并抵抗CaOx的沉积，从而使手臂以线性方式生长，并以比大块石头更快的速度生长。因此，这一假说预测了特定尿蛋白在千斤顶臂的核心中的浓缩，这一理论可以通过适当的分析进行验证。
Jackstone calculi, having arms that extend out from the body of the stone, were first described over a century ago, but this morphology of stones has been little studied. We examined 98 jackstones from 50 different patient specimens using micro-computed tomography (micro CT) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Micro CT showed that jackstone arms consisted of an X-ray lucent core within each arm. This X-ray lucent core frequently showed sporadic, thin layers of apatite arranged transversely to the axis of the arm. The shells of the jackstones were always composed of calcium oxalate (CaOx), and with the monohydrate form the majority or sole mineral. Study of layering in the shell regions by micro CT showed that growth lines extended from the body of the stone out onto jack arms and that the thickness of the shell covering of jack arms often thinned with distance from the stone body, suggesting that the arms grew at a faster radial rate than did the stone body. Histological cross-sections of decalcified jackstone arms showed the core to be more highly autofluorescent than was the CaOx shell, and immunohistochemistry showed the core to be enriched in Tamm-Horsfall protein. We hypothesize that the protein-rich core of a jack arm might preferentially bind more protein from the urine and resist deposition of CaOx, such that the arm grows in a linear manner and at a faster rate than the bulk of the stone. This hypothesis thus predicts an enrichment of certain urine proteins in the core of the jack arm, a theory that is testable by appropriate analysis.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Winfree S;Weiler C;Bledsoe SB;Gardner T;Sommer AJ;Evan AP;Lingeman JE;Krambeck AE;Worcester EM;El-Achkar TM;Williams JC Jr
通讯作者：
Williams JC Jr
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Canela VH;Bledsoe SB;Lingeman JE;Gerber G;Worcester EM;El-Achkar TM;Williams JC Jr
通讯作者：
Williams JC Jr
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
BOYCE, WH
通讯作者：
BOYCE, WH
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
KHAN, SR;HACKETT, RL
通讯作者：
HACKETT, RL
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Rivera, Marcelino;Cockerill, Patrick A.;Krambeck, Amy E.
通讯作者：
Krambeck, Amy E.