The durability of natural infection and vaccine-induced immunity against future infection by SARS-CoV-2.
The durability of natural infection and vaccine-induced immunity against future infection by SARS-CoV-2.
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自然感染的持久性和疫苗诱导的对未来SARS-CoV-2感染的免疫。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2204336119
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发表时间：
2022-08-02
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
自然免疫和疫苗介导免疫对未来SARS-CoV-2感染的持久性以及加强疫苗接种的必要性是大流行应对的关键知识，但这些因素仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们使用比较进化方法来估计信使RNA （mRNA）和病毒载体COVID-19疫苗接种后免疫的持久性和未来感染的可能性。这些发现提供了定量证据，支持加强疫苗接种是减少突破性感染和再感染的关键方法。疫苗介导的SARS-CoV-2免疫的持续时间、突破感染的持续时间以及加强疫苗接种的最佳时机是应对大流行的关键知识。在这里，我们应用比较进化分析来估计接种BNT162b2（辉瑞- biontech）、mRNA-1273 （Moderna）、ChAdOx1（牛津-阿斯利康）和Ad26.COV2后免疫的持久性和突破性感染的可能性。（强生公司/杨森公司）。我们评估了每种疫苗相对于自然感染引发的抗spike (S)免疫球蛋白G （IgG）抗体水平。我们估计了典型的衰减轨迹和相应的感染概率，提供了每种疫苗在流行条件下突破感染的时间分布。信使RNA （mRNA）疫苗mRNA-1273和BNT1262b2引发的抗体峰值水平超过自然感染，预计通常比自然感染（中位数为29.6个月；5至95%分位数为10.9个月至7.9个月）（中位数为21.5个月；5至95%分位数为3.5个月至7.1个月）提供更持久的保护，以抵御突破性感染。相对于mRNA-1273和BNT1262b2，病毒载体疫苗ChAdOx1和Ad26.COV2。S表现出与自然感染相似的抗S IgG抗体峰值，预计对突破性感染产生较低的短期保护（中位数分别为22.4个月和5 - 95%分位数，4.3个月至7.2个月；中位数分别为20.5个月和5 - 95%分位数，2.6个月至7.0个月）。这些结果利用了进化生物学的工具，为公共卫生政策决策至关重要的其他未知参数提供了定量基础。
The durability of natural and vaccine-mediated immunity to future SARS-CoV-2 infection and the necessity of booster vaccination are crucial knowledge for pandemic response, yet these factors remain poorly understood. Here, we use comparative evolutionary approaches to estimate the durability of immunity and the likelihood of future infections over time following vaccination by messenger RNA (mRNA) and viral vector COVID-19 vaccines. These findings provide quantitative evidence supporting booster vaccination as a crucial approach toward the curtailment of breakthrough infections and reinfections. The durability of vaccine-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2, the durations to breakthrough infection, and the optimal timings of booster vaccination are crucial knowledge for pandemic response. Here, we applied comparative evolutionary analyses to estimate the durability of immunity and the likelihood of breakthrough infections over time following vaccination by BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca), and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson/Janssen). We evaluated anti-Spike (S) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels elicited by each vaccine relative to natural infection. We estimated typical trajectories of waning and corresponding infection probabilities, providing the distribution of times to breakthrough infection for each vaccine under endemic conditions. Peak antibody levels elicited by messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines mRNA-1273 and BNT1262b2 exceeded that of natural infection and are expected to typically yield more durable protection against breakthrough infections (median 29.6 mo; 5 to 95% quantiles 10.9 mo to 7.9 y) than natural infection (median 21.5 mo; 5 to 95% quantiles 3.5 mo to 7.1 y). Relative to mRNA-1273 and BNT1262b2, viral vector vaccines ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2.S exhibit similar peak anti-S IgG antibody responses to that from natural infection and are projected to yield lower, shorter-term protection against breakthrough infection (median 22.4 mo and 5 to 95% quantiles 4.3 mo to 7.2 y; and median 20.5 mo and 5 to 95% quantiles 2.6 mo to 7.0 y; respectively). These results leverage the tools from evolutionary biology to provide a quantitative basis for otherwise unknown parameters that are fundamental to public health policy decision-making.
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影响因子：
7.8
作者：
Amodio E;Capra G;Casuccio A;Grazia S;Genovese D;Pizzo S;Calamusa G;Ferraro D;Giammanco GM;Vitale F;Bonura F
通讯作者：
Bonura F
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Gaebler C;Wang Z;Lorenzi JCC;Muecksch F;Finkin S;Tokuyama M;Cho A;Jankovic M;Schaefer-Babajew D;Oliveira TY;Cipolla M;Viant C;Barnes CO;Bram Y;Breton G;Hägglöf T;Mendoza P;Hurley A;Turroja M;Gordon K;Millard KG;Ramos V;Schmidt F;Weisblum Y;Jha D;Tankelevich M;Martinez-Delgado G;Yee J;Patel R;Dizon J;Unson-O'Brien C;Shimeliovich I;Robbiani DF;Zhao Z;Gazumyan A;Schwartz RE;Hatziioannou T;Bjorkman PJ;Mehandru S;Bieniasz PD;Caskey M;Nussenzweig MC
通讯作者：
Nussenzweig MC
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Addetia A;Crawford KHD;Dingens A;Zhu H;Roychoudhury P;Huang ML;Jerome KR;Bloom JD;Greninger AL
通讯作者：
Greninger AL
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2035389
发表时间：
2021-02-04
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Baden LR;El Sahly HM;Essink B;Kotloff K;Frey S;Novak R;Diemert D;Spector SA;Rouphael N;Creech CB;McGettigan J;Khetan S;Segall N;Solis J;Brosz A;Fierro C;Schwartz H;Neuzil K;Corey L;Gilbert P;Janes H;Follmann D;Marovich M;Mascola J;Polakowski L;Ledgerwood J;Graham BS;Bennett H;Pajon R;Knightly C;Leav B;Deng W;Zhou H;Han S;Ivarsson M;Miller J;Zaks T;COVE Study Group
通讯作者：
COVE Study Group
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Cho A;Muecksch F;Schaefer-Babajew D;Wang Z;Finkin S;Gaebler C;Ramos V;Cipolla M;Mendoza P;Agudelo M;Bednarski E;DaSilva J;Shimeliovich I;Dizon J;Daga M;Millard KG;Turroja M;Schmidt F;Zhang F;Tanfous TB;Jankovic M;Oliveria TY;Gazumyan A;Caskey M;Bieniasz PD;Hatziioannou T;Nussenzweig MC
通讯作者：
Nussenzweig MC