Responses to pictorial versus text-only cigarillo warnings among a nationally representative sample of US young adults.
Responses to pictorial versus text-only cigarillo warnings among a nationally representative sample of US young adults.
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在具有全国代表性的美国年轻人样本中，对图片和纯文字小雪茄警告的反应。
DOI：
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-056288
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发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Sutfin EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cornacchione Ross J;Lazard AJ;King JL;Noar SM;Reboussin BA;Jenson D;Sutfin EL
美国食品和药物管理局要求雪茄产品（包括小雪茄）必须有六种纯文字警告。研究表明，图片警告优于纯文字香烟警告，但小雪茄图片警告的相对有效性尚未得到检验。我们研究了香烟图片警示语与纯文字警示语的影响。数据收集自具有全国代表性的美国年轻人（18-29岁）小雪茄使用者和易感非使用者。参与者被随机分配到三种实验条件中的一种：纯文本或两种图像条件中的一种（结合分析）。对于每个警告，我们评估了负面情绪反应、认知阐述（即对小雪茄风险的思考）和感知信息有效性（PME）。参与者（N=661）女性46.5%，白人64.7%，西班牙裔21.9%；34.1%报告过去30天使用过雪茄；41.4%是终身用户（不包括过去30天的使用）；24.4%为易感非使用者。图片警告比纯文字警告引起更多的负面情绪反应和更高的PME (p值<0.01)，交互对过去30天用户的影响最大（情绪反应：d=0.99, PME: d=0.63）。对于认知阐述，没有警告类型的主要影响，但交互作用显示了对过去30天用户的影响（p<0.05, d=0.46）。与纯文字警告相比，图片警告会引起更大的负面情绪反应和PME。这些影响和对认知阐述的影响在过去30天的使用者中最为明显。我们的研究结果将香烟警告的研究扩展到小雪茄上，表明图片警告比小雪茄的纯文字警告更能引起有益的反应。
The US Food and Drug Administration requires six text-only warnings for cigar products, including cigarillos. Research has demonstrated the superiority of pictorial over text-only cigarette warnings, yet the relative effectiveness of pictorial warnings for cigarillos has not been examined. We examined the impact of pictorial cigarillo warnings compared with text-only warnings. Data were collected from a nationally representative sample of US young adult (18–29) cigarillo users and susceptible non-users. Participants were randomised to one of three experimental conditions: text-only or one of two pictorial conditions (combined for analyses). For each warning, we assessed negative emotional reactions, cognitive elaboration (ie, thinking about cigarillo risks) and perceived message effectiveness (PME). Participants (N=661) were 46.5% female, 64.7% white and 21.9% Hispanic; 34.1% reported past 30-day cigarillo use; 41.4% were lifetime users (excluding past 30-day use); and 24.4% were susceptible non-users. Pictorial warnings elicited more negative emotional reactions and higher PME than text-only warnings (p values<0.01), with interactions showing the largest effects for past 30-day users (emotional reactions: d=0.99, PME: d=0.63). For cognitive elaboration, there was no main effect of warning type, but an interaction revealed effects for past 30-day users (p<0.05, d=0.46). Pictorial cigarillo warnings elicited greater negative emotional reactions and PME compared with text-only warnings. These effects and the effects on cognitive elaboration were strongest for past 30-day users. Our findings extend research on cigarette warnings to cigarillos, demonstrating that pictorial warnings are superior to text-only warnings for cigarillos in eliciting beneficial responses.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2015.10.007
发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
影响因子：
--
作者：
Koszowski B;Rosenberry ZR;Kanu A;Viray LC;Potts JL;Pickworth WB
通讯作者：
Pickworth WB
DOI：
10.1056/nejmsa1607538
发表时间：
2017-01-26
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kasza KA;Ambrose BK;Conway KP;Borek N;Taylor K;Goniewicz ML;Cummings KM;Sharma E;Pearson JL;Green VR;Kaufman AR;Bansal-Travers M;Travers MJ;Kwan J;Tworek C;Cheng YC;Yang L;Pharris-Ciurej N;van Bemmel DM;Backinger CL;Compton WM;Hyland AJ
通讯作者：
Hyland AJ
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Hall MG;Sheeran P;Noar SM;Boynton MH;Ribisl KM;Parada H Jr;Johnson TO;Brewer NT
通讯作者：
Brewer NT
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Chang CM;Corey CG;Rostron BL;Apelberg BJ
通讯作者：
Apelberg BJ
影响因子：
39
作者：
Christensen, Carol H.;Rostron, Brian;Freedman, Neal D.
通讯作者：
Freedman, Neal D.