Highly charged cyanine fluorophores for trafficking scaffold degradation.
Highly charged cyanine fluorophores for trafficking scaffold degradation.
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-6041/8/1/014109
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发表时间：
2013-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Choi HS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Owens EA;Hyun H;Kim SH;Lee JH;Park G;Ashitate Y;Choi J;Hong GH;Alyabyev S;Lee SJ;Khang G;Henary M;Choi HS
生物可降解支架在组织工程和再生医学领域有着广泛的应用。然而，对体内支架降解的非侵入性监测仍然缺乏。为了开发一种实时转运技术，合成了一系列中溴化近红外(NIR)荧光团，并将其连接到可生物降解的明胶支架上。由于五甲基菁核是高度亲油的，每个荧光团的侧链都被季铵盐基或磺酸基修饰。荧光团的亲脂性和净电荷等物理化学性质对近红外偶联支架生物降解后在体内的去向起着关键作用。在唾液腺、淋巴结和大部分肝胆排泄途径中发现了带正电的荧光团结合的支架碎片。然而，卤化的荧光团集中聚集在淋巴结和肝脏中。有趣的是，平衡带电的明胶支架在短时间内被降解为尿液。这些结果表明，使用近红外荧光团的非侵入性光学成像可以用于将可生物降解的支架转化到临床上。
Biodegradable scaffolds have been extensively used in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, noninvasive monitoring of in vivo scaffold degradation is still lacking. In order to develop a real-time trafficking technique, a series of meso-brominated near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores were synthesized and conjugated to biodegradable gelatin scaffolds. Since the pentamethine cyanine core is highly lipophilic, the side chain of each fluorophore was modified with either quaternary ammonium salts or sulfonate groups. The physicochemical properties such as lipophilicity and net charge of fluorophores played a key role in the fate of NIR-conjugated scaffolds in vivo after biodegradation. The positively charged fluorophore-conjugated scaffold fragments were found in salivary glands, lymph nodes, and most of the hepatobiliary excretion route. However, halogenated fluorophores intensively accumulated into lymph nodes and the liver. Interestingly, balanced-charged gelatin scaffolds were degraded into urine in a short period of time. These results demonstrate that the noninvasive optical imaging using NIR fluorophores can be useful for the translation of biodegradable scaffolds into the clinic.
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