Single molecule investigation of Ag+ interactions with single cytosine-, methylcytosine- and hydroxymethylcytosine-cytosine mismatches in a nanopore.
Single molecule investigation of Ag+ interactions with single cytosine-, methylcytosine- and hydroxymethylcytosine-cytosine mismatches in a nanopore.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep05883
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发表时间:
2014-08-08
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Gu LQ
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang Y;Luan BQ;Yang Z;Zhang X;Ritzo B;Gates K;Gu LQ
Both cytosine-Ag-cytosine interactions and cytosine modifications in a DNA duplex have attracted great interest for research. Cytosine (C) modifications such as methylcytosine (mC) and hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) are associated with tumorigenesis. However, a method for directly discriminating C, mC and hmC bases without labeling, modification and amplification is still missing. Additionally, the nature of coordination of Ag+ with cytosine-cytosine (C-C) mismatches is not clearly understood. Utilizing the alpha-hemolysin nanopore, we show that in the presence of Ag+, duplex stability is most increased for the cytosine-cytosine (C-C) pair, followed by the cytosine-methylcytosine (C-mC) pair, and the cytosine-hydroxymethylcytosine (C-hmC) pair, which has no observable Ag+ induced stabilization. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the hydrogen-bond-mediated paring of a C-C mismatch results in a binding site for Ag+. Cytosine modifications (such as mC and hmC) disrupted the hydrogen bond, resulting in disruption of the Ag+ binding site. Our experimental method provides a novel platform to study the metal ion-DNA interactions and could also serve as a direct detection method for nucleobase modifications.
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