A brain-computer interface that evokes tactile sensations improves robotic arm control.

A brain-computer interface that evokes tactile sensations improves robotic arm control.
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唤起触觉的脑机接口可以改善机械臂的控制。

DOI:
10.1126/science.abd0380
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发表时间:
2021-05-21
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gaunt RA
Gaunt RA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Flesher SN;Downey JE;Weiss JM;Hughes CL;Herrera AJ;Tyler-Kabara EC;Boninger ML;Collinger JL;Gaunt RA

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脑机接口控制的假臂可以使四肢瘫痪患者进行功能性运动。然而,视觉提供的反馈有限,因为关于抓取物体的信息最好通过触觉反馈来传递。我们通过双向脑机接口记录运动皮质的神经活动,并通过体感皮质的皮质内微刺激产生触觉感觉,从而增加了视觉和触觉知觉。这使得四肢瘫痪患者能够显著提高使用机械臂的能力;临床上肢评估的试验时间减少了一半,从20.9秒降至10.2秒S。更快的时间主要是因为尝试抓住物体所花费的时间更少,这表明模仿已知的生物控制原理可以产生更接近健康人类能力的任务表现。通过皮质内微刺激创造人工触觉反馈,极大地提高了四肢瘫痪患者使用脑控机械臂操纵物体的能力。
Brain-computer interface controlled prosthetic arms can enable people with tetraplegia to perform functional movements. However, vision provides limited feedback as information about grasping objects is best relayed through tactile feedback. We supplemented vision with tactile percepts evoked using a bidirectional brain-computer interface that records neural activity from motor cortex and generates tactile sensations through intracortical microstimulation of somatosensory cortex. This enabled a person with tetraplegia to substantially improve performance with a robotic limb; trial times on a clinical upper-limb assessment were reduced by half, from a median time of 20.9 to 10.2 s. Faster times were primarily due to less time spent attempting to grasp objects, revealing that mimicking known biological control principles results in task performance that is closer to healthy human abilities. Creating artificial tactile feedback through intracortical microstimulation greatly improves the ability of a person with tetraplegia to manipulate objects with a brain-controlled robotic limb.
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