Nucleosome positioning: bringing order to the eukaryotic genome.

Nucleosome positioning: bringing order to the eukaryotic genome.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tcb.2012.02.004
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发表时间:
2012-05
影响因子:
19
通讯作者:
Iyer VR
Iyer VR
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Iyer VR

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核小体是真核生物染色体的重要组成部分。核小体的影响不仅表现在直接进入基因组的过程中,如转录,而且表现在进化的时间尺度上。最近在许多生物体中的研究提供了整个基因组的核小体的高分辨率图。计算分析,结合许多其他类型的数据,揭示了核小体生物学的几个方面。核小体通过几种方法定位,包括内在序列偏差,通过堆叠固定的屏障,通过DNA结合蛋白和染色质重塑。这些研究强调了核小体在所有真核生物基因组中的关键组织作用。在这里,我回顾了最近的基因组研究,揭示了核小体定位的决定因素及其对基因组的影响。
Nucleosomes are an essential component of eukaryotic chromosomes. The impact of nucleosomes is seen not just on processes that directly access the genome such as transcription, but also on an evolutionary timescale. Recent studies in a number of organisms have provided high-resolution maps of nucleosomes throughout the genome. Computational analysis, in conjunction with many other kinds of data, has shed light on several aspects of nucleosome biology. Nucleosomes are positioned by several means, including intrinsic sequence biases, by stacking against a fixed barrier, by DNA-binding proteins and by chromatin remodelers. These studies underscore the critical organizational role of nucleosomes in all eukaryotic genomes. Here, I review recent genomic studies that shed light on the determinants of nucleosome positioning and their impact on the genome.
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