Distinct circuit-dependent functions of presynaptic neurexin-3 at GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses.

Distinct circuit-dependent functions of presynaptic neurexin-3 at GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.4037
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发表时间:
2015-07
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Suedhof, Thomas C.
Suedhof, Thomas C.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aoto, Jason;Foeldy, Csaba;Ilcus, Silviana Maria Ciurea;Tabuchi, Katsuhiko;Suedhof, Thomas C.

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α-和β-神经素是突触前细胞粘附分子,其对突触传递的普遍重要性已得到充分证明。然而,神经毒素的具体功能在很大程度上仍然未知,因为没有条件的神经毒素敲除,而且因为针对特定基因产生的所有α-和β-神经毒素是具有挑战性的。利用新生成的针对所有神经素-3α和-3β亚型的构成型和条件型敲除小鼠,我们在这里证明了不同脑区域对神经素-3的不同突触功能的需求是不同的。具体来说,我们发现在培养的神经元和海马急性片中,突触前神经素-3通过其细胞外序列介导突触后ampa受体的跨突触调节。然而,在培养的神经元和嗅球的急性切片中,突触前神经素-3通过其细胞内序列的机制选择性地释放GABA。因此,我们的数据表明,神经素-3通过不同的机制在不同的大脑区域执行不同的突触前或突触后功能。
α- and β-neurexins are presynaptic cell-adhesion molecules whose general importance for synaptic transmission is well documented. The specific functions of neurexins, however, remain largely unknown because no conditional neurexin knockouts are available, and because targeting all α- and β-neurexins produced by a particular gene is challenging. Using newly-generated constitutive and conditional knockout mice that target all neurexin-3α and -3β isoforms, we here show that neurexin-3 is differentially required for distinct synaptic functions in different brain regions. Specifically, we find that in cultured neurons and acute slices of the hippocampus, presynaptic neurexin-3 mediates trans-synaptic regulation of postsynaptic AMPA-receptors via its extracellular sequences. In cultured neurons and acute slices of the olfactory bulb, however, presynaptic neurexin-3 is selectively required for GABA release by a mechanism involving its intracellular sequences. Thus, our data demonstrate that neurexin-3 performs distinct essential pre- or postsynaptic functions in different brain regions by distinct mechanisms.
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