Current Insight into Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Methods in Discovering Ascomycetous Taxa.
Current Insight into Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Methods in Discovering Ascomycetous Taxa.
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当前对发现子囊菌类群的文化依赖性和文化独立性方法的见解
DOI：
10.3390/jof7090703
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发表时间：
2021-08-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tedersoo L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wijayawardene NN;Bahram M;Sánchez-Castro I;Dai DQ;Ariyawansa KGSU;Jayalal U;Suwannarach N;Tedersoo L
培养技术在传统和现代真菌分类学中都至关重要。建立有性-无性联系和同源体、提取DNA和次生代谢物主要基于培养。然而，人们普遍认为，大量物种在自然界中不产生孢子，而其他物种则无法培养。最近基于独立于培养的方法的生态研究揭示了这些不可培养的类群，即暗类群。最近的真菌多样性估计研究表明，环境测序在发现缺失物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，桑格测序仍然是确定可培养物种 DNA 序列的主要方法。在本文中，我们总结了子囊菌类群研究中基于培养和非培养的方法。叶内生真菌、落叶真菌和水生环境中真菌的高通量测序对于确定暗类群非常重要。然而，目前 ICN 不认可暗分类单元的命名，因此根据多项研究的建议，对它们进行临时命名是必要的。
Culture techniques are vital in both traditional and modern fungal taxonomy. Establishing sexual–asexual links and synanamorphs, extracting DNA and secondary metabolites are mainly based on cultures. However, it is widely accepted that a large number of species are not sporulating in nature while others cannot be cultured. Recent ecological studies based on culture-independent methods revealed these unculturable taxa, i.e., dark taxa. Recent fungal diversity estimation studies suggested that environmental sequencing plays a vital role in discovering missing species. However, Sanger sequencing is still the main approach in determining DNA sequences in culturable species. In this paper, we summarize culture-based and culture-independent methods in the study of ascomycetous taxa. High-throughput sequencing of leaf endophytes, leaf litter fungi and fungi in aquatic environments is important to determine dark taxa. Nevertheless, currently, naming dark taxa is not recognized by the ICN, thus provisional naming of them is essential as suggested by several studies.
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