Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Camels and Probable Spillover Infection to Humans in Kenya.
Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Camels and Probable Spillover Infection to Humans in Kenya.
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肯尼亚骆驼中爆发中东呼吸综合症冠状病毒并可能蔓延至人类。
DOI：
10.3390/v14081743
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发表时间：
2022-08-09
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影响因子：
--
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肯尼亚的300万头骆驼中，大多数都有针对中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）的抗体，尽管非洲很少有人感染这种病毒。我们从肯尼亚北部的33个牧场招募了243头0-24个月大的骆驼，并在2018年4月至2020年3月期间对它们进行了跟踪调查。我们收集骆驼鼻拭子并采用RT-PCR检测MERS-CoV RNA，然后对阳性样本进行病毒分离和全基因组测序。我们还记录了骆驼的疾病（呼吸道或其他）。还对人类骆驼处理者进行了棉签擦拭，筛查呼吸体征，并通过RT-PCR对样本进行了中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒检测。我们在58头骆驼中记录了68种疾病，其中76.5%（52/68）为呼吸体征，大多数疾病（73.5%或50/68）发生在2019年。总体而言，2019年4月至9月期间，从15个（45.5%）个牧场的83头（34.2%）头小牛中收集的124/4692（2.6%）头骆驼拭子筛查呈阳性，而22头（26.5%）头记录了再感染（连续≥2次阴性检测后第二次拭子阳性）。测序显示，一种独特的进化枝C2病毒缺乏其他进化枝C病毒的标志性ORF4b缺失。以前报告的3例人PCR阳性病例在时间和地点上与骆驼感染聚集在一起，强烈提示在肯尼亚北部骆驼暴发期间散发传播给人类。
The majority of Kenya’s > 3 million camels have antibodies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), although human infection in Africa is rare. We enrolled 243 camels aged 0–24 months from 33 homesteads in Northern Kenya and followed them between April 2018 to March 2020. We collected and tested camel nasal swabs for MERS-CoV RNA by RT-PCR followed by virus isolation and whole genome sequencing of positive samples. We also documented illnesses (respiratory or other) among the camels. Human camel handlers were also swabbed, screened for respiratory signs, and samples were tested for MERS-CoV by RT-PCR. We recorded 68 illnesses among 58 camels, of which 76.5% (52/68) were respiratory signs and the majority of illnesses (73.5% or 50/68) were recorded in 2019. Overall, 124/4692 (2.6%) camel swabs collected from 83 (34.2%) calves in 15 (45.5%) homesteads between April–September 2019 screened positive, while 22 calves (26.5%) recorded reinfections (second positive swab following ≥ 2 consecutive negative tests). Sequencing revealed a distinct Clade C2 virus that lacked the signature ORF4b deletions of other Clade C viruses. Three previously reported human PCR positive cases clustered with the camel infections in time and place, strongly suggesting sporadic transmission to humans during intense camel outbreaks in Northern Kenya.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Corman, Victor Max;Oelschlaeger, Stephan;Drosten, Christian
通讯作者：
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13.2
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Ali MA;Shehata MM;Gomaa MR;Kandeil A;El-Shesheny R;Kayed AS;El-Taweel AN;Atea M;Hassan N;Bagato O;Moatasim Y;Mahmoud SH;Kutkat O;Maatouq AM;Osman A;McKenzie PP;Webby RJ;Kayali G
通讯作者：
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11.8
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13.2
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