Reducing PNS with minimal performance penalties via simple pulse sequence modifications on a high-performance compact 3T scanner.
Reducing PNS with minimal performance penalties via simple pulse sequence modifications on a high-performance compact 3T scanner.
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DOI：
10.1088/1361-6560/ab99e2
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发表时间：
2020-07-31
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Bernstein MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
In MH;Shu Y;Trzasko JD;Yarach U;Kang D;Gray EM;Huston J;Bernstein MA
与高性能梯度相关的主要问题之一是MRI检查期间受试者的外周神经刺激（PNS）。自安装以来，已在具有高性能梯度的紧凑型3 T MRI系统上扫描了680多名志愿受试者（患者和对照组），该系统能够同时实现80 mT/m梯度振幅和700 T/m/s转换速率。尽管存在与高性能梯度相关的PNS问题，但由于梯度线圈的物理尺寸较小，大多数脉冲序列报告的PNS感觉极小或无PNS感觉。例外情况是，252名受试者中只有5名（约2%）报告了PNS，这些受试者使用特定的3D快速自旋回波脉冲序列（3DFLAIR）进行扫描。我们没有降低所有脉冲序列和所有梯度波瓣的整个系统性能，而是通过对有问题脉冲序列的目标波瓣进行简单而具体的修改来解决报告的PNS效应。此外，PNS卷积模型适用于预测序列特异性PNS阈值水平及其降额后的降低。靶向脉冲序列修改的有效性通过成功地重新扫描先前报告PNS感觉而没有进一步报告PNS的4名受试者来证明。脉冲序列修改未导致图像质量明显下降或扫描时间大幅增加。结果表明，在紧凑型3 T上很少报告PNS，当发生PNS时，利用特定的梯度波形修改引起PNS是一种有效的策略，而不是降低整个梯度系统的性能。
One of the major concerns associated with high-performance gradients is peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) of the subject during MRI exams. Since the installation, more than 680 volunteer subjects (patients and controls) have been scanned on a compact 3T MRI system with high-performance gradients, capable of 80 mT/m gradient amplitude and 700 T/m/s slew rate simultaneously. Despite PNS concerns associated with the high-performance gradients, due to the smaller physical dimensions of the gradient coils, minimal or no PNS sensation was reported with most pulse sequences. The exception was PNS reported by only five of 252 subjects (about 2%) scanned with a specific 3D fast spin echo pulse sequence (3DFLAIR). Rather than derating the entire system performance across all pulse sequences and all gradient lobes, we addressed reported PNS effect with a simple and specific modification to the targeted lobes of the problematic pulse sequence. In addition, the PNS convolutional model was adapted to predict sequence-specific PNS threshold level and its reduction after derating. The effectiveness of the targeted pulse sequence modification was demonstrated by successfully re-scanning four of the subjects who previously reported PNS sensations without further reported PNS. The pulse sequence modification did not result in noticeable degradation of image quality or substantial increase in scan time. The results demonstrated that PNS was rarely reported on the compact 3T, and when it was, utilizing a specific modification of the gradient waveform causing PNS was an effective strategy, rather than derating the performance of the entire gradient system.
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