Structural basis for the role of inhibition in facilitating adult brain plasticity.
Structural basis for the role of inhibition in facilitating adult brain plasticity.
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DOI：
10.1038/nn.2799
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发表时间：
2011-05
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Nedivi, Elly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Jerry L.;Lin, Walter C.;Cha, Jae Won;So, Peter T.;Kubota, Yoshiyuki;Nedivi, Elly
While inhibition has been implicated in mediating plasticity in the adult brain, the mechanism remains unclear. Here we present a structural mechanism for the role of inhibition in experience-dependent plasticity. Using chronic in vivo two-photon microscopy in the mouse neocortex we show that experience drives structural remodeling of superficial layer 2/3 interneurons in an input- and circuit-specific manner, with up to 16% of branch tips remodeling. Visual deprivation initially induces dendritic branch retractions accompanied by loss of inhibitory inputs onto neighboring pyramidal cells. The resulting decrease in inhibitory tone, also achievable pharmacologically by the antidepressant fluoxetine, provides a permissive environment for further structural adaptation, including addition of new synapse bearing branch tips. Our findings suggest that therapeutic approaches that reduce inhibition, when combined with an instructive stimulus, could facilitate restructuring of mature circuits impaired by damage or disease, improving function and perhaps enhancing cognitive abilities.
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