The dynamic genome of Hydra.

The dynamic genome of Hydra.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature08830
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发表时间:
2010-03-25
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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淡水刺胞动物水螅于1702年首次被描述,300年来一直是研究的对象。1736年至1744年间,对水螅的实验研究最终发现了动物通过出芽进行无性繁殖,这是第一次描述动物的再生,以及动物之间成功的组织移植。今天,水螅是研究轴向模式,干细胞生物学和再生的重要模型。在这里,我们报告的基因组水螅magnipillata和比较它的珊瑚虫Nematostella vectensis和其他动物的基因组。水螅基因组的形成是由转座因子的快速扩增、水平基因转移、反式剪接以及基因结构和基因内容的简化(与水螅生命周期的简化并行)所决定的。我们还报道了一种与H.大乳头水螅基因组与其他动物基因组的比较揭示了上皮细胞、收缩组织、发育调节转录因子、Spemann-Mangold组织者、多能性基因和神经肌肉接头的进化。
The freshwater cnidarian Hydra was first described in 1702 and has been the object of study for 300 years. Experimental studies of Hydra between 1736 and 1744 culminated in the discovery of asexual reproduction of an animal by budding, the first description of regeneration in an animal, and successful transplantation of tissue between animals. Today, Hydra is an important model for studies of axial patterning, stem cell biology and regeneration. Here we report the genome of Hydra magnipapillata and compare it to the genomes of the anthozoan Nematostella vectensis and other animals. The Hydra genome has been shaped by bursts of transposable element expansion, horizontal gene transfer, trans-splicing, and simplification of gene structure and gene content that parallel simplification of the Hydra life cycle. We also report the sequence of the genome of a novel bacterium stably associated with H. magnipapillata. Comparisons of the Hydra genome to the genomes of other animals shed light on the evolution of epithelia, contractile tissues, developmentally regulated transcription factors, the Spemann–Mangold organizer, pluripotency genes and the neuromuscular junction.
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