Assessing Changes in Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety During Four Weeks of Cannabis Abstinence Among Adolescents.
Assessing Changes in Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety During Four Weeks of Cannabis Abstinence Among Adolescents.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2021.689957
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Schuster RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooke ME;Gilman JM;Lamberth E;Rychik N;Tervo-Clemmens B;Evins AE;Schuster RM
背景：吸食大麻在青少年中很普遍，许多人报告说吸食大麻是为了缓解负面情绪和焦虑。据报道，戒除酒精和烟草等物质可以改善焦虑和抑郁症状。很少有研究探讨大麻戒断对焦虑和抑郁症状的影响。目的：测试连续 4 周戒除大麻对抑郁和焦虑症状的影响。方法：至少每周使用大麻的健康、未寻求治疗的青少年 (n = 179) 被随机分配到通过应急管理范式 (CB-Abst) 实现 4 周的大麻戒断或无戒断要求的大麻使用监测 (CB-Mon)。戒断情况通过自我报告进行评估，并通过尿液中大麻素的定量分析进行验证。每周使用情绪和焦虑症状问卷（MASQ）评估焦虑和抑郁症状。结果：在整个研究过程中，所有参与者的抑郁和焦虑症状均有所减轻（MASQ-AA：stnd beta = -0.08，p = 0.01，MASQ-GDA：stnd beta = -0.11，p = 0.003，MASQ-GDD：stnd beta = -0.08，p = 0.02），并且在随机分组之间没有显着差异（p > 0.46）。探索性分析揭示了一种趋势，即在使用大麻应对负面影响的人和大麻使用具有潜在危险水平的人中，禁欲可能与焦虑和抑郁症状的更大改善有关。结论：在至少每周吸食大麻的青少年中，与继续吸食大麻相比，戒断 4 周大麻与焦虑或抑郁症状的显着变化无关。对于因担心焦虑和抑郁症状增加而担心减少使用的娱乐性大麻使用者来说，研究结果表明，在戒烟后的前 4 周内可能不会出现明显的症状恶化。需要在临床人群中进行进一步的研究，在这些人群中更频繁地测量焦虑和抑郁症状并且禁欲时间更长。未来的研究还需要确定是否有一些青少年亚群受到持续大麻戒断的独特影响。
Background: Cannabis use is prevalent among adolescents, and many report using in attempts to alleviate negative mood and anxiety. Abstinence from substances such as alcohol and tobacco has been reported to improve symptoms of anxiety and depression. Few studies have examined the effect of cannabis abstinence on symptoms of anxiety and depression. Objective: To test the effect of 4 weeks of continuous cannabis abstinence on depressive and anxious symptoms. Methods: Healthy, non-treatment seeking adolescents who used cannabis at least weekly (n = 179) were randomized to either 4 weeks of cannabis abstinence achieved through a contingency management paradigm (CB-Abst) or cannabis use monitoring without an abstinence requirement (CB-Mon). Abstinence was assessed by self-report verified with quantitative assay of urine for cannabinoids. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed weekly with the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ). Results: Symptoms of depression and anxiety decreased throughout the study for all participants (MASQ-AA: stnd beta = −0.08, p = 0.01, MASQ-GDA: stnd beta = −0.11, p = 0.003, MASQ-GDD: stnd beta = −0.08, p = 0.02) and did not differ significantly between randomization groups (p's > 0.46). Exploratory analyses revealed a trend that abstinence may be associated with greater improvement in symptoms of anxiety and depression among those using cannabis to cope with negative affect and those with potentially hazardous levels of cannabis use. Conclusions: Among adolescents who use cannabis at least weekly, 4 weeks of cannabis abstinence was not associated with a significant change in anxiety or depressive symptoms compared to continued use. For recreational cannabis users who may be concerned about reducing their use for fear of increased symptoms of anxiety and depression, findings suggest that significant symptom worsening may not occur within the first 4 weeks of abstinence. Further studies are needed in clinical populations where anxiety and depression symptoms are measured more frequently and for a longer period of abstinence. Future studies are also needed to determine whether there are subgroups of adolescents who are uniquely impacted by sustained cannabis abstinence.
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影响因子：
17.7
作者：
Bovasso, GB
通讯作者：
Bovasso, GB
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Budney, AJ;Hughes, JR
通讯作者：
Hughes, JR
影响因子：
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作者：
Lucatch, Aliya M.;Kloiber, Stefan M.;George, Tony P.
通讯作者：
George, Tony P.
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
JOHNSTON, LD;OMALLEY, PM
通讯作者：
OMALLEY, PM
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Martin, M;Ledent, C;Valverde, O
通讯作者：
Valverde, O