Differences in MAT gene distribution and expression between Rhynchosporium species on grasses

Differences in MAT gene distribution and expression between Rhynchosporium species on grasses
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草上角孢菌属 MAT 基因分布和表达的差异

DOI:
10.1111/ppa.12265
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
King K
King K
中科院分区:
农林科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
King K

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叶斑病是大麦作物和其他禾本科植物的一种全球性重要疾病,由Rhynchosporium属真菌中至少五种宿主特异性物种引起。长期以来,人们一直认为病原体普通根瘤菌(专门针对大麦、雀麦和多花黑麦草)只能通过无性方式繁殖,但从群体遗传学研究和在ac中检测到互补的MAT 1 - 1和MAT 1 - 2分离物中,已经积累了重组和基因流动的证据。1:1的比例在现场。在此,证明了从欧洲收集的28个密切相关的物种冰草根瘤菌(在茅草上)和黑麦根瘤菌(在黑麦和小黑麦上)的分离物也是MAT 1 - 1或MAT 1 - 2基因型,并且交配型的分布没有显著偏离1:1的比例。然后提供了所有三个物种在菌丝生长过程中MAT 1 - 1 - 1和MAT 1 - 2 - 1基因表达的证据。相比之下,来自欧洲的27株亲缘关系较远的R. orthosporum(在鸭茅上)和R. lolii(在意大利和多年生黑麦草上)完全是MAT 1 - 1基因型,并且在菌丝生长过程中不能检测到MAT 1 - 1 - 1基因的表达。这些数据表明,隐性周期更可能存在于R. commune,R. agropyrium和R. secalis比R. orthosporumor或R. lolii。部分MAT 1 - 1独特型序列的系统发育分析将这五个物种分为两个不同的组(普通根瘤菌、稻瘟病菌和黑麦根瘤菌相对于正孢根瘤菌和罗氏根瘤菌),但在每个组内仅提供有限的分辨率。
Leaf blotch is a globally important disease of barley crops and other grasses that is caused by at least five host‐specialized species in the fungal genusRhynchosporium. The pathogenR. commune(specialized to barley, brome‐grass and Italian ryegrass) has long been considered to reproduce only by asexual means, but there has been accumulating evidence for recombination and gene flow from population genetic studies and the detection of complementaryMAT1‐1andMAT1‐2isolates in ac. 1:1 ratio in the field. Here, it is demonstrated that 28 isolates of the closely related speciesR. agropyri(on couch‐grass) andR. secalis(on rye and triticale), collected from Europe, were also either ofMAT1‐1orMAT1‐2genotype and that the distribution of mating types did not deviate significantly from a 1:1 ratio. Evidence is then provided forMAT1‐1‐1andMAT1‐2‐1gene expression during mycelial growth for all three species. By contrast, 27 isolates of the more distantly relatedR. orthosporum(on cocksfoot) andR. lolii(on Italian and perennial ryegrasses) from Europe were exclusively of theMAT1‐1genotype, and expression of theMAT1‐1‐1gene could not be detected during mycelial growth. These data suggest that cryptic sexual cycles are more likely to exist forR. commune,R. agropyriandR. secalisthan for eitherR. orthosporumorR. lolii. A phylogenetic analysis of partialMAT1‐1idiomorph sequences resolved these five species into two distinct groups (R. commune,R. agropyriandR.secalisversusR. orthosporumandR. lolii) but provided only limited resolution within each group.
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