Microclimate has a greater influence than macroclimate on the availability of infective Haemonchus contortus larvae on herbage in a warmed temperate environment
Microclimate has a greater influence than macroclimate on the availability of infective Haemonchus contortus larvae on herbage in a warmed temperate environment
复制标题
在暖温带环境中，小气候对牧草上感染性捻转血矛线虫幼虫的可用性的影响比大气候更大
DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2018.05.029
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang T
全球气候变化正在改变放牧牲畜胃肠道线虫感染的流行病学模式，包括温度和湿度对感染性第三期幼虫的影响（L3）。虽然已经有相当多的实验致力于研究气候对主要线虫物种的L3发育和生存的影响，但对L3从粪便和牧草中迁移的影响的了解更为有限。在这项研究中，我们研究了在控制和自然气候条件下，弓形血螨这一过程的要素。对温度对粪便迁移率的影响进行了量化，发现温度在15 °C时达到峰值。在温室中，单次降雨后，平均温度3 °C的差异未能对到达牧草的L3数量产生统计学上的显著差异，并且粪便水分含量（FMC）在较高温度下并没有显著更快地下降。大多数幼虫在模拟降雨后3 h内离开粪便到达草地。在温带夏季天然草地上，FMC受小气候的影响较大，遮荫和长草均显著减缓了牧草的干燥。结果表明，小气候对FMC和幼虫迁移有重要影响，其影响可能大于大气候，如平均环境温度的中等差异。需要做更多的工作来开发对自然环境中幼虫可得性的全面预测理解，这是相互作用于重叠寄生虫群体的相互作用因素的产物。
Global climate change is altering epidemiological patterns of gastrointestinal nematode infections in grazing livestock, including through effects of temperature and moisture on the availability of infective third-stage larvae (L3). While considerable experimental effort has been devoted to the influences of climate on L3 development and survival in major nematode species, knowledge of effects on L3 migration out of faeces and onto herbage is more limited. In this study, we examined elements of this process forHaemonchus contortusin controlled and natural climates. The effect of temperature on migration rate from faeces was quantified and found to peak at 15 °C. In glasshouses, a 3 °C difference in mean temperature failed to produce a statistically significant difference in the number of L3 reaching herbage after a single rainfall event, and faecal moisture content (FMC) did not decline significantly more rapidly at the higher temperatures. Most larvae left the faeces and reached the grass within 3 h after simulated rainfall. On natural pasture in temperate summer, FMC was strongly affected by microclimate, with shade and long grass both significantly slowing drying. Results suggest that microclimate is important in determining FMC and larval migration, and that its effects can be greater than those of macroclimate, e.g. moderate differences in average ambient temperature. More work is needed to develop a full predictive understanding of larval availability in natural settings, which is the product of interacting factors acting on overlapping parasite cohorts.
登录
查看更多内容
蒸发速率和模拟降雨量对捻转血矛线虫自由生活阶段发育的影响之间的相互作用。
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
L. J. O'connor;L. Kahn;S. Walkden
通讯作者：
S. Walkden
影响因子：
14.6
作者：
Martijn Gough
通讯作者：
Martijn Gough
水对感染性毛圆线虫幼虫向草上迁移的影响
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
J. V. Dijk;Eric R. Morgan
通讯作者：
Eric R. Morgan
紫外线会增加线虫幼虫的死亡率，并可以解释牧场幼虫可用性的模式。
影响因子：
4
作者：
J. V. Dijk;M. Louw;L.P.A. Kalis;E. Morgan
通讯作者：
E. Morgan
干旱混合用途系统中野生和家养有蹄类动物之间寄生虫季节性溢出的预测和减弱
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
T. Quinn;M. Richardson;David R. Lovell;T. Crowley
通讯作者：
T. Crowley