Acute stress selectively reduces reward sensitivity.
Acute stress selectively reduces reward sensitivity.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00133
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Pizzagalli DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berghorst LH;Bogdan R;Frank MJ;Pizzagalli DA
压力可能会通过扰乱奖励处理来促进精神病理学的发生。然而，压力在多大程度上损害了奖励处理，而不是更普遍的激励处理，目前还不清楚。为了评估压力引起的奖励处理中断的特异性，100名精神健康的女性进行了概率刺激选择任务（PSST），该任务能够比较在“无压力”或“压力”（休克威胁）条件下对奖励驱动（Go）和惩罚驱动（NoGo）学习的敏感性。收集皮质醇样本和自我报告测量值。与假设相反，各组在任务表现或皮质醇反应性方面没有显著差异。然而，进一步的分析只集中在“压力”下的个人谁是高反应的皮质醇反应性和自我报告的负面影响显示，相对于个人测试的“无压力”的条件下，奖励敏感性降低，重要的是，这些赤字是奖励特定的。总体而言，研究结果提供了初步证据，表明压力反应型个体在压力下对奖励的敏感性降低，但对惩罚的敏感性没有降低。虽然这些结果强调了压力诱导的快感缺失可能是将压力与情感障碍联系起来的重要机制的可能性，但需要未来的研究来证实这一猜想。
Stress may promote the onset of psychopathology by disrupting reward processing. However, the extent to which stress impairs reward processing, rather than incentive processing more generally, is unclear. To evaluate the specificity of stress-induced reward processing disruption, 100 psychiatrically healthy females were administered a probabilistic stimulus selection task (PSST) that enabled comparison of sensitivity to reward-driven (Go) and punishment-driven (NoGo) learning under either “no stress” or “stress” (threat-of-shock) conditions. Cortisol samples and self-report measures were collected. Contrary to hypotheses, the groups did not differ significantly in task performance or cortisol reactivity. However, further analyses focusing only on individuals under “stress” who were high responders with regard to both cortisol reactivity and self-reported negative affect revealed reduced reward sensitivity relative to individuals tested in the “no stress” condition; importantly, these deficits were reward-specific. Overall, findings provide preliminary evidence that stress-reactive individuals show diminished sensitivity to reward, but not punishment, under stress. While such results highlight the possibility that stress-induced anhedonia might be an important mechanism linking stress to affective disorders, future studies are necessary to confirm this conjecture.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
COHEN, S;KAMARCK, T;MERMELSTEIN, R
通讯作者：
MERMELSTEIN, R
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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影响因子：
17.7
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Lipp, Ottmar V.