Regulation of human trophoblast gene expression by endogenous retroviruses

Regulation of human trophoblast gene expression by endogenous retroviruses
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内源性逆转录病毒对人滋养层基因表达的调节

DOI:
10.1101/2022.04.26.489485
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Frost J
Frost J
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Frost J

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胎盘是一种快速进化的器官,在真兽类动物中具有很大的形态和组织学差异,但驱动胎盘进化的遗传变化尚未完全阐明。转座子通过其快速产生遗传变异和影响宿主基因调控的能力,可能有助于确定特定物种的滋养层基因表达程序。在这里,我们评估转座子作为增强子或启动子对人滋养层基因表达的贡献。利用原代人滋养层细胞和滋养层干细胞系的表观基因组数据,我们鉴定了多个内源性逆转录病毒家族,它们位于滋养层细胞中优先表达的基因附近,具有调控潜力。这些主要是灵长类特有的元件与物种间的基因表达差异有关,并被在胎盘发育中起关键作用的转录因子结合在一起。利用基因编辑,我们证明了几个元件作为重要的胎盘基因的转录增强子,如CSF1Rand PSG5。我们还发现了一个LTR10A元件,它调节ENG的表达,影响可溶性endoglin的分泌,可能与子痫前期有关。我们的数据表明,转座子对人类滋养细胞基因调控做出了重要贡献,并提示它们的活性可能会影响妊娠结局。
The placenta is a fast-evolving organ with large morphological and histological differences across eutherians, but the genetic changes driving placental evolution have not been fully elucidated. Transposable elements, through their capacity to quickly generate genetic variation and affect host gene regulation, may have helped to define species-specific trophoblast gene expression programs. Here we assess the contribution of transposable elements to human trophoblast gene expression as enhancers or promoters. Using epigenomic data from primary human trophoblast and trophoblast stem-cell lines, we identified multiple endogenous retrovirus families with regulatory potential that lie close to genes with preferential expression in trophoblast. These largely primate-specific elements are associated with inter-species gene expression differences and are bound by transcription factors with key roles in placental development. Using genetic editing, we demonstrate that several elements act as transcriptional enhancers of important placental genes, such asCSF1RandPSG5. We also identify an LTR10A element that regulatesENGexpression, affecting secretion of soluble endoglin, with potential implications for preeclampsia. Our data show that transposons have made important contributions to human trophoblast gene regulation, and suggest that their activity may affect pregnancy outcomes.
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