Tracking behavioral and neural fluctuations during sustained attention: A robust replication and extension.
Tracking behavioral and neural fluctuations during sustained attention: A robust replication and extension.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.002
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Esterman M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fortenbaugh FC;Rothlein D;McGlinchey R;DeGutis J;Esterman M
新的范式允许更精确地测量持续注意力能力和持续注意力随时间的波动，以及表现波动和失误的神经基础。然而，近年来，人们对神经影像学研究和心理学研究的可复制性产生了更广泛的担忧，特别是考虑到样本量通常很小。一个最近开发的范例，渐进式连续执行任务（gradCPT）已被验证的行为在大样本的参与者。然而，神经影像学研究调查的神经基础上的表现，这项任务只收集了小样本。本研究完成了一个强大的复制原始的神经影像学结果，并扩展了以前的结果，从gradCPT任务使用大样本的140名退伍军人参与者。结果重复了这样的发现，即注意力稳定性的波动随着时间的推移被任务积极（例如，背侧和腹侧注意力网络）和任务消极（例如，默认网络）区域。扩展先前的结果，我们将注意力稳定性和持续的大脑活动之间的耦合与整体持续注意力能力联系起来，并证明这种耦合强度，沿着跨网络耦合，可以用来预测个体表现差异。此外，这些结果扩展了以前的研究结果，表明默认和背侧注意网络的时间动态与后续试验的失误可能性相关。这项研究证明了gradCPT的可靠性，并强调了这种范式在理解注意力波动以及持续注意力的个体差异和缺陷方面的实用性。
Novel paradigms have allowed for more precise measurements of sustained attention ability and fluctuations in sustained attention over time, as well as the neural basis of fluctuations and lapses in performance. However, in recent years, concerns have arisen over the replicability of neuroimaging studies and psychology more broadly, particularly given the typically small sample sizes. One recently developed paradigm, the gradual-onset continuous performance task (gradCPT) has been validated behaviorally in large samples of participants. Yet neuroimaging studies investigating the neural basis of performance on this task have only been collected in small samples. The present study completed both a robust replication of the original neuroimaging findings and extended previous results from the gradCPT task using a large sample of 140 Veteran participants. Results replicate findings that fluctuations in attentional stability are tracked over time by BOLD activity in task positive (e.g., dorsal and ventral attention networks) and task negative (e.g., default network) regions. Extending prior results, we relate this coupling between attentional stability and on-going brain activity to overall sustained attention ability and demonstrate that this coupling strength, along with across-network coupling, could be used to predict individual differences in performance. Additionally, the results extend previous findings by demonstrating that temporal dynamics across the default and dorsal attention networks are associated with lapse-likelihood on subsequent trials. This study demonstrates the reliability of the gradCPT, and underscores the utility of this paradigm in understanding attentional fluctuations, as well as individual variation and deficits in sustained attention.
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