Prevalence and predictors of asymptomatic malaria parasitemia among pregnant women in the rural surroundings of Arbaminch Town, South Ethiopia.
Prevalence and predictors of asymptomatic malaria parasitemia among pregnant women in the rural surroundings of Arbaminch Town, South Ethiopia.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0123630
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Eshetu T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nega D;Dana D;Tefera T;Eshetu T
在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的撒哈拉以南非洲国家，妊娠期疟疾是一项重大的公共卫生威胁，导致孕妇及其胎儿大量发病和死亡。在疟疾流行地区，疟原虫感染往往没有症状，但会引起严重问题，如产妇贫血、出生体重过低、早产和死胎。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚南部Arba Minch镇农村地区孕妇中无症状疟原虫感染的患病率和预测因素。2013年4月至6月进行了以社区为基础的多阶段抽样横断面研究。采用半结构化问卷收集社会人口统计数据。采用吉姆萨染色的血液涂片镜检和快速诊断试验（SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag Pf/Pv POCT，韩国标准诊断公司）诊断疟原虫感染。在341名参与研究的孕妇中，镜检和快速诊断试验（rdt）分别确诊9.1%（31/341）和9.7%（33/341）的孕妇感染了疟原虫。寄生虫密度几何平均值为2392只/微升（μl）；恶性疟原虫为2275/ μl，间日疟原虫为2032/ μl。与多孕科相比，初孕科（调整优势比（AOR）： 9.4, 95%可信区间（CI）： 4.3-60.5）、次孕科（AOR: 6.3, 95% CI: 2.9-27.3）、有时使用杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐（AOR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.8- 57.9）、根本不使用杀虫剂蚊帐（AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.4-14.4）和经常使用杀虫剂蚊帐的可能性更大。与其他研究结果相比，本研究的无症状疟疾发生率较低。然而，鉴于怀孕期间患疟疾的风险很高，孕妇基本上要接受无症状疟原虫感染筛查，并通过产前保健服务得到及时治疗。
In Sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia, malaria in pregnancy is a major public health threat which results in significant morbidities and mortalities among pregnant women and their fetuses. In malaria endemic areas, Plasmodium infections tend to remain asymptomatic yet causing significant problems like maternal anemia, low birth weight, premature births, and still birth. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and predictors of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection among pregnant women in the rural surroundings of Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia. A community based cross-sectional study comprising multistage sampling was conducted between April and June, 2013. Socio-demographic data were collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Plasmodium infection was diagnosed by using Giemsa-stained blood smear microscopy and a rapid diagnostic test (SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag Pf/Pv POCT, standard diagnostics, inc., Korea). Of the total 341 pregnant women participated in this study, 9.1% (31/341) and 9.7% (33/341) were confirmed to be infected with Plasmodium species by microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), respectively. The geometric mean of parasite density was 2392 parasites per microliter (μl); 2275/ μl for P. falciparum and 2032/ μl for P. vivax. Parasitemia was more likely to occur in primigravidae (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 9.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.3–60.5), secundigravidae (AOR: 6.3, 95% CI: 2.9–27.3), using insecticide treated bed net (ITN) sometimes (AOR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.8- 57.9), not using ITN at all (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.4–14.4) compared to multigravidae and using ITN always, respectively. Asymptomatic malaria in this study is low compared to other studies’ findings. Nevertheless, given the high risk of malaria during pregnancy, pregnant women essentially be screened for asymptomatic Plasmodium infection and be treated promptly via the antenatal care (ANC) services.
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