Health Care Cybersecurity Challenges and Solutions Under the Climate of COVID-19: Scoping Review.
Health Care Cybersecurity Challenges and Solutions Under the Climate of COVID-19: Scoping Review.
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COVID-19 气候下的医疗保健网络安全挑战和解决方案：范围界定审查
DOI：
10.2196/21747
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发表时间：
2021-04-20
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Luo C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He Y;Aliyu A;Evans M;Luo C
背景COVID-19挑战了医疗保健信息系统的弹性，影响了我们实现全球健康和福祉目标的能力。疫情导致医院、制药公司、美国卫生与公众服务部、世界卫生组织及其合作伙伴等机构最近遭到多起网络攻击。本次审查的目的是确定关键的网络安全挑战，卫生部门采用的解决方案，以及应对最近网络攻击（例如网络钓鱼活动和勒索软件攻击）增加所需的改进领域，攻击者利用这些攻击来利用技术和人员中的漏洞，这些漏洞是通过应对COVID-19大流行而改变工作实践而引入的。方法通过使用检索公式“（covid OR healthcare）AND cybersecurity”检索两个主要科学数据库（PubMed和Scopus）进行范围审查。报告、新闻文章和行业白色文件也包括在内，如果它们与以前出版的作品直接相关，或者它们是撰写本文时唯一可用的来源。仅纳入过去十年（即2011-2020年）发表的英文文章，以关注当前的问题，挑战和解决方案。我们确定了网络安全方面的9个主要挑战，医疗保健组织为应对这些挑战而采取的11个关键解决方案，以及卫生部门网络安全能力需要加强的4个关键领域。我们还发现，疫情期间发生的最突出和最重要的网络攻击方法与网络钓鱼、勒索软件、分布式拒绝服务攻击和恶意软件有关。本次范围界定审查确定了COVID-19大流行期间针对卫生部门的最具影响力的网络攻击方法，以及网络安全方面的挑战、解决方案和需要改进的领域。我们在COVID-19疫情以及未来可能发生的其他流行病或大流行病期间，就网络安全问题向卫生部门提供了有用的见解。
Background COVID-19 has challenged the resilience of the health care information system, which has affected our ability to achieve the global goal of health and well-being. The pandemic has resulted in a number of recent cyberattacks on hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, the US Department of Health and Human Services, the World Health Organization and its partners, and others. Objective The aim of this review was to identify key cybersecurity challenges, solutions adapted by the health sector, and areas of improvement needed to counteract the recent increases in cyberattacks (eg, phishing campaigns and ransomware attacks), which have been used by attackers to exploit vulnerabilities in technology and people introduced through changes to working practices in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A scoping review was conducted by searching two major scientific databases (PubMed and Scopus) using the search formula “(covid OR healthcare) AND cybersecurity.” Reports, news articles, and industry white papers were also included if they were related directly to previously published works, or if they were the only available sources at the time of writing. Only articles in English published in the last decade were included (ie, 2011-2020) in order to focus on current issues, challenges, and solutions. Results We identified 9 main challenges in cybersecurity, 11 key solutions that health care organizations adapted to address these challenges, and 4 key areas that need to be strengthened in terms of cybersecurity capacity in the health sector. We also found that the most prominent and significant methods of cyberattacks that occurred during the pandemic were related to phishing, ransomware, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and malware. Conclusions This scoping review identified the most impactful methods of cyberattacks that targeted the health sector during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the challenges in cybersecurity, solutions, and areas in need of improvement. We provided useful insights to the health sector on cybersecurity issues during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as other epidemics or pandemics that may materialize in the future.
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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