The influence of executive capacity on selective attention and subsequent processing.
The influence of executive capacity on selective attention and subsequent processing.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2012.00167
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Holcomb PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daffner KR;Tarbi EC;Haring AE;Zhuravleva TY;Sun X;Rentz DM;Holcomb PJ
最近的研究表明，选择性注意（SA）是依赖于自上而下的控制机制，导致的期望，具有高执行能力（EC）的个人将表现出更强大的SA的神经指标。通过使用事件相关电位（ERP）来检查25名受试者的信息处理标记物的差异，并根据神经心理学测试分数定义的高与平均EC分为两组，对这一预测进行了测试。受试者进行了一项实验任务，要求SA到一个指定的颜色。与预期相反，具有高EC和平均EC的个体在SA的ERP指标的大小上没有差异：前选择积极性（SP）和后选择消极性（SN）。然而，在随后的处理标记中，包括前N2（注意力控制的测量）和P3a（注意力定向的指数），两组之间存在实质性差异。EC预测在早期和晚期注意阶段的处理速度。EC较低的个体表现出延长的SN、P3a和P3b潜伏期。然而，在执行SA操作的延迟并没有考虑到随后的决策延迟，或解释过度定向和减少注意力控制机制，以响应本应被忽略的刺激。SN潜伏期、P3潜伏期和前N2的大小对EC的变异有独立的贡献。总之，我们的研究结果表明，目前关于自上而下的控制机制和SA之间的关系的观点可能需要改进。
Recent investigations that suggest selective attention (SA) is dependent on top-down control mechanisms lead to the expectation that individuals with high executive capacity (EC) would exhibit more robust neural indices of SA. This prediction was tested by using event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine differences in markers of information processing across 25 subjects divided into two groups based on high vs. average EC, as defined by neuropsychological test scores. Subjects performed an experimental task requiring SA to a specified color. In contrast to expectation, individuals with high and average EC did not differ in the size of ERP indices of SA: the anterior Selection Positivity (SP) and posterior Selection Negativity (SN). However, there were substantial differences between groups in markers of subsequent processing, including the anterior N2 (a measure of attentional control) and the P3a (an index of the orienting of attention). EC predicted speed of processing at both early and late attentional stages. Individuals with lower EC exhibited prolonged SN, P3a, and P3b latencies. However, the delays in carrying out SA operations did not account for subsequent delays in decision making, or explain excessive orienting and reduced attentional control mechanisms in response to stimuli that should have been ignored. SN latency, P3 latency, and the size of the anterior N2 made independent contributions to the variance of EC. In summary, our findings suggest that current views regarding the relationship between top-down control mechanisms and SA may need refinement.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Daffner KR;Chong H;Sun X;Tarbi EC;Riis JL;McGinnis SM;Holcomb PJ
通讯作者：
Holcomb PJ
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Fritzsche, Anna-Sophia;Stahl, Jutta;Gibbons, Henning
通讯作者：
Gibbons, Henning
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Chong, Hyemi;Riis, Jenna L.;Daffner, Kirk R.
通讯作者：
Daffner, Kirk R.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
de Fockert, JW;Rees, G;Lavie, N
通讯作者：
Lavie, N
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
FOLSTEIN, MF;FOLSTEIN, SE;MCHUGH, PR
通讯作者：
MCHUGH, PR