Extensive cellular multi-tasking within Bacillus subtilis biofilms.
Extensive cellular multi-tasking within Bacillus subtilis biofilms.
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DOI：
10.1128/msystems.00891-22
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发表时间：
2023-08-31
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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枯草芽孢杆菌是一种土壤细菌，可以形成生物膜或被自身产生的细胞外基质包围的细胞群落。在生物膜中，基因相同的细胞通常表现出异质的转录表型，因此细胞亚群执行必要但昂贵的细胞过程，使整个细胞群蓬勃发展。令人惊讶的是，即使在像枯草芽孢杆菌这样经过充分研究的细菌系统中，表型异质性的程度以及生物膜内细胞亚群之间的关系仍然很大程度上未知。为了确定这些细胞亚群之间的关系，我们创建了 182 个菌株，其中包含荧光转录报告基因的成对组合，用于与潜在细胞亚群相关的 14 个不同基因的表达状态。我们使用共聚焦显微镜确定了生物膜内这些基因表达的空间组织，结果表明许多报告基因定位于生物膜的不同区域，其中一些是共定位的。我们使用流式细胞术来量化报告基因的共表达，结果表明许多细胞“执行多任务”，同时表达两个报告基因。这些数据表明，先前将枯草芽孢杆菌细胞描述为分化为特定细胞类型（每种细胞具有特定任务或功能）的模型过于简单化。根据此处检查的基因组，只有少数细胞亚群，包括表面活性素和普利他汀生产者，以及孢子形成细胞和感受态细胞，似乎具有不同的作用。这些数据将为我们提供一个框架，用于进一步研究和预测不同细胞表型在枯草芽孢杆菌生物膜中的作用。许多微生物会分化，表达不同的表型，以确保它们在不同的环境中生存。然而，对表型分化的研究通常一次只检查几种表型，从而限制了我们对群体中分化程度和表型重叠的了解。我们研究了枯草芽孢杆菌生物膜中重要基因的空间组织和基因表达关系。在此过程中，我们绘制了空间基因表达模式并扩大了枯草芽孢杆菌文献中描述的细胞群的数量。其他细菌在其生物膜内也可能表现出复杂的分化模式。在设计致病细菌的治疗方法时，研究其他微生物的细胞分化程度可能很重要，因为仅研究单一表型可能会掩盖与感染结果相关的潜在表型分化。
Bacillus subtilis is a soil-dwelling bacterium that can form biofilms, or communities of cells surrounded by a self-produced extracellular matrix. In biofilms, genetically identical cells often exhibit heterogeneous transcriptional phenotypes, so that subpopulations of cells carry out essential yet costly cellular processes that allow the entire population to thrive. Surprisingly, the extent of phenotypic heterogeneity and the relationships between subpopulations of cells within biofilms of even in well-studied bacterial systems like B. subtilis remains largely unknown. To determine relationships between these subpopulations of cells, we created 182 strains containing pairwise combinations of fluorescent transcriptional reporters for the expression state of 14 different genes associated with potential cellular subpopulations. We determined the spatial organization of the expression of these genes within biofilms using confocal microscopy, which revealed that many reporters localized to distinct areas of the biofilm, some of which were co-localized. We used flow cytometry to quantify reporter co-expression, which revealed that many cells “multi-task,” simultaneously expressing two reporters. These data indicate that prior models describing B. subtilis cells as differentiating into specific cell types, each with a specific task or function, were oversimplified. Only a few subpopulations of cells, including surfactin and plipastatin producers, as well as sporulating and competent cells, appear to have distinct roles based on the set of genes examined here. These data will provide us with a framework with which to further study and make predictions about the roles of diverse cellular phenotypes in B. subtilis biofilms. Many microbes differentiate, expressing diverse phenotypes to ensure their survival in various environments. However, studies on phenotypic differentiation have typically examined only a few phenotypes at one time, thus limiting our knowledge about the extent of differentiation and phenotypic overlap in the population. We investigated the spatial organization and gene expression relationships for genes important in B. subtilis biofilms. In doing so, we mapped spatial gene expression patterns and expanded the number of cell populations described in the B. subtilis literature. It is likely that other bacteria also display complex differentiation patterns within their biofilms. Studying the extent of cellular differentiation in other microbes may be important when designing therapies for disease-causing bacteria, where studying only a single phenotype may be masking underlying phenotypic differentiation relevant to infection outcomes.
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影响因子：
9.9
作者：
Arrieta-Ortiz ML;Hafemeister C;Bate AR;Chu T;Greenfield A;Shuster B;Barry SN;Gallitto M;Liu B;Kacmarczyk T;Santoriello F;Chen J;Rodrigues CD;Sato T;Rudner DZ;Driks A;Bonneau R;Eichenberger P
通讯作者：
Eichenberger P
表面传感的异质性表明铜绿假单胞菌种群存在分工
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Armbruster, Catherine R.;Lee, Calvin K.;Parsek, Matthew R.
通讯作者：
Parsek, Matthew R.
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Boonstra, Mirjam;Schaffer, Marc;Kuipers, Oscar P.
通讯作者：
Kuipers, Oscar P.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Heyse, Jasmine;Buysschaert, Benjamin;Boon, Nico
通讯作者：
Boon, Nico
影响因子：
48
作者：
Gibson, Daniel G.;Young, Lei;Smith, Hamilton O.
通讯作者：
Smith, Hamilton O.