Polyploidy can drive rapid adaptation in yeast.
Polyploidy can drive rapid adaptation in yeast.
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DOI：
10.1038/nature14187
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发表时间：
2015-03-19
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Pellman, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Selmecki, Anna M.;Maruvka, Yosef E.;Richmond, Phillip A.;Guillet, Marie;Shoresh, Noam;Sorenson, Amber L.;De, Subhajyoti;Kishony, Roy;Michor, Franziska;Dowell, Robin;Pellman, David
多倍体在生命之树中被观察到，但它对进化的影响仍然不完全清楚。多倍性，通常是全基因组复制（WGD），被认为是改变进化适应的速度。这可能通过对有益突变的频率或适应性的复杂影响而发生。例如，在不同的细胞类型和生物体中，在WGD之后，新形成的多倍体立即错误分离染色体并经历遗传不稳定性。WGD后的不稳定性被认为在微生物中提供适应性突变，并可促进哺乳动物细胞中的肿瘤发生。多倍性也可能通过细胞生理学中的倍性特异性变化影响适应，而不依赖于有益的突变。在这里，我们进行了体外进化实验，以直接测试多倍体是否可以加速进化适应。与单倍体和二倍体相比，四倍体经历了明显更快的适应。数学建模表明，四倍体的快速适应是由具有更强适应性效应的更高的有益突变率驱动的，这得到了进化克隆的全基因组测序和表型分析的支持。染色体非整倍性、染色体丢失和点突变都提供了大量的适应性增益。我们确定了几个突变，其有益的影响是明确的，特别是在四倍体菌株。总之，这些结果提供了直接的定量证据，在某些环境中，多倍性可以加速进化适应。
Polyploidy is observed across the tree of life, yet its influence on evolution remains incompletely understood. Polyploidy, usually whole genome duplication (WGD), is proposed to alter the rate of evolutionary adaptation. This could occur through complex effects on the frequency or fitness of beneficial mutations . For example, in diverse cell types and organisms, immediately after a WGD, newly formed polyploids missegregate chromosomes and undergo genetic instability. The instability following WGDs is thought to provide adaptive mutations in microorganisms and can promote tumorigenesis in mammalian cells. Polyploidy may also affect adaptation independent of beneficial mutations through ploidy-specific changes in cell physiology. Here, we performed in vitro evolution experiments to directly test whether polyploidy can accelerate evolutionary adaptation. Compared to haploids and diploids, tetraploids underwent significantly faster adaptation. Mathematical modeling suggested that rapid adaptation of tetraploids was driven by higher rates of beneficial mutations with stronger fitness effects, which was supported by whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic analyses of evolved clones. Chromosome aneuploidy, concerted chromosome loss, and point mutations all provided large fitness gains. We identified several mutations whose beneficial effects were manifest specifically in the tetraploid strains. Together, these results provide direct quantitative evidence that in some environments polyploidy can accelerate evolutionary adaptation.
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DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/btu638
发表时间：
2015-01-15
期刊：
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Anders S;Pyl PT;Huber W
通讯作者：
Huber W
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Gerstein AC;Chun HJ;Grant A;Otto SP
通讯作者：
Otto SP
使用下一代 DNA 测序数据进行变异发现和基因分型的框架。
影响因子：
30.8
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Bennett, RJ;Johnson, AD
通讯作者：
Johnson, AD
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Anderson, JB;Sirjusingh, C;Ricker, N
通讯作者：
Ricker, N