Neocortex saves energy by reducing coding precision during food scarcity.
Neocortex saves energy by reducing coding precision during food scarcity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2021.10.024
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发表时间：
2022-01-19
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Rochefort NL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Padamsey Z;Katsanevaki D;Dupuy N;Rochefort NL
信息处理在能量上是昂贵的。在哺乳动物的大脑中，信息编码和能量使用在食物短缺时是如何被调节的尚不清楚。利用小鼠视觉皮层2/3层的全细胞记录和双光子成像，我们发现食物限制降低了AMPA受体的电导，使突触ATP的使用减少了29%。然而，神经元的兴奋性通过输入电阻的代偿性增加和去极化静息电位得以保留。结果，神经元以与对照组相似的速率激增，但在潜在兴奋电流上消耗的ATP更少。这种节能策略是有代价的，因为它放大了视觉诱发的阈下反应的可变性，导致定向调节扩大了32%，损害了精细的视觉辨别。这种编码精度的降低与脂肪质量调节激素瘦素水平的降低有关，并通过外源性瘦素补充得到恢复。我们的研究结果表明，代谢状态动态调节着新皮层编码精度所消耗的能量。食物限制通过减少视觉皮层AMPAR电流导致ATP的节省同时增加输入阻力和静息电位保持峰值速率这些变化放大了反应变异性，导致更广泛的定向调节补充脂肪细胞激素瘦素恢复视觉编码精度代谢昂贵的哺乳动物大脑如何适应食物短缺？Padamsey等人的研究表明，在食物限制下，小鼠视觉皮层神经元通过减少兴奋电流来保存ATP。补偿机制保留了峰值速率，但降低了视觉信息的编码精度。补充脂肪量调节激素瘦素可以恢复编码精度。
Information processing is energetically expensive. In the mammalian brain, it is unclear how information coding and energy use are regulated during food scarcity. Using whole-cell recordings and two-photon imaging in layer 2/3 mouse visual cortex, we found that food restriction reduced AMPA receptor conductance, reducing synaptic ATP use by 29%. Neuronal excitability was nonetheless preserved by a compensatory increase in input resistance and a depolarized resting potential. Consequently, neurons spiked at similar rates as controls but spent less ATP on underlying excitatory currents. This energy-saving strategy had a cost because it amplified the variability of visually-evoked subthreshold responses, leading to a 32% broadening of orientation tuning and impaired fine visual discrimination. This reduction in coding precision was associated with reduced levels of the fat mass-regulated hormone leptin and was restored by exogenous leptin supplementation. Our findings reveal that metabolic state dynamically regulates the energy spent on coding precision in neocortex. Food restriction results in ATP savings via reduced AMPAR currents in visual cortex Concurrent increases in input resistance and resting potential preserve spike rate These changes amplify response variability, leading to broader orientation tuning Supplementation with the adipocyte-hormone leptin restores visual coding precision How does the metabolically expensive mammalian brain adapt to food scarcity? Padamsey et al. show that under food restriction, mouse visual cortical neurons save ATP by decreasing excitatory currents. Compensatory mechanisms preserve spike rate but decrease coding precision of visual information. Supplementation with the fat mass-regulated hormone leptin restores coding precision.
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