Brain volume in chronic ketamine users - relationship to sub-threshold psychotic symptoms and relevance to schizophrenia.
Brain volume in chronic ketamine users - relationship to sub-threshold psychotic symptoms and relevance to schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-021-05873-0
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Stone, James M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chesters, Robert A.;Pepper, Fiona;Morgan, Celia;Cooper, Jonathan D.;Howes, Oliver D.;Vernon, Anthony C.;Stone, James M.
氯胺酮可能通过NMDA受体活性缺陷模拟精神分裂症。虽然急性氯胺酮可诱导类似阳性和阴性精神病症状的效应，但长期使用可能是特发性精神病的更接近模型。我们测试了氯胺酮使用者的脑容量较低的假设，使用MRI测量，和更大的阈下精神病症状相对于多药对照组。氯胺酮使用者（n = 17）和多种药物使用对照组（n = 19）纳入研究。所有患者均接受了容积MRI成像，并使用风险精神状态综合评估（CAARMS）测量了阈下精神病症状。Freesurfer被用来分析氯胺酮使用者和对照者之间的局部脑体积、皮质表面积和厚度的差异。还在氯胺酮使用者中研究了CAARMS评分与脑容量之间的关系。发现氯胺酮使用者具有显著较低的脑桥核、尾状核、小脑和总皮质的灰质体积（FDR p < 0.05; Cohen's d = 0.36-0.75）。在皮质内，氯胺酮使用者在额叶、颞叶和顶叶皮质内具有显著较低的灰质体积（Cohen's d 0.7-1.31; FDR p < 0.05）。他们也有显著较高的阈下精神病性症状（p < 0.05）。氯胺酮的使用频率与小脑体积呈负相关（p < 0.001），但局部脑体积与阈下精神病性症状之间无相关性。长期使用氯胺酮可能会导致灰质体积减少，并诱导阈下精神病症状，尽管这些症状可能是通过不同的机制产生的。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1007/s 00213 -021-05873-0获得。
Ketamine may model aspects of schizophrenia arising through NMDA receptor activity deficits. Although acute ketamine can induce effects resembling both positive and negative psychotic symptoms, chronic use may be a closer model of idiopathic psychosis. We tested the hypotheses that ketamine users had lower brain volumes, as measured using MRI, and greater sub-threshold psychotic symptoms relative to a poly-drug user control group. Ketamine users (n = 17) and poly-drug using controls (n = 19) were included in the study. All underwent volumetric MRI imaging and measurement of sub-threshold psychotic symptoms using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State (CAARMS). Freesurfer was used to analyse differences in regional brain volume, cortical surface area and thickness between ketamine users and controls. The relationship between CAARMS ratings and brain volume was also investigated in ketamine users. Ketamine users were found to have significantly lower grey matter volumes of the nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, cerebellum and total cortex (FDR p < 0.05; Cohen’s d = 0.36–0.75). Within the cortex, ketamine users had significantly lower grey matter volumes within the frontal, temporal and parietal cortices (Cohen’s d 0.7–1.31; FDR p < 0.05). They also had significantly higher sub-threshold psychotic symptoms (p < 0.05). Frequency of ketamine use showed an inverse correlation with cerebellar volume (p < 0.001), but there was no relationship between regional brain volumes and sub-threshold psychotic symptoms. Chronic ketamine use may cause lower grey matter volumes as well as inducing sub-threshold psychotic symptoms, although these likely arise through distinct mechanisms. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00213-021-05873-0.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Hung CC;Liu YH;Huang CC;Chou CY;Chen CM;Duann JR;Li CR;Lee TS;Lin CP
通讯作者：
Lin CP
DOI：
10.1126/science.1190287
发表时间：
2010-08-20
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Westlye, L. T.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
Tamminga, CA
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Humphries, C;Mortimer, A;deBelleroche, J
通讯作者：
deBelleroche, J