Editorial: Molecular Vaccines Against Pathogens in the Post-genomic Era

Editorial: Molecular Vaccines Against Pathogens in the Post-genomic Era
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社论:后基因组时代针对病原体的分子疫苗

DOI:
10.3389/fcimb.2019.00443
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发表时间:
2020-01
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Moreno Alberto
Moreno Alberto
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alej;ro Onate Angel;Wan Yanmin;Moreno Alberto

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疫苗的开发和应用是人类历史上最伟大的公共卫生成就之一(疾病控制和预防中心,2011 a,B)。在世纪的第一个十年,扩大免疫规划每年避免了250多万人死亡(WHO,2009)。疫苗不仅可以预防死亡、疾病和残疾,还可以通过减少疾病在人群中的传播来提供社区保护(Orenstein和Ahmed,2017)。仅在美国,据估计,通过对单个出生队列进行疫苗接种来预防临床病例和死亡代表了688亿美元的总社会成本的净节省(Zhou et al.,2014年)。尽管国际上有针对26种传染病的疫苗,但传染病造成的所有死亡中有近一半是由没有疫苗的病原体引起的(Piot et al.,2019),包括新出现和重新出现的病原体(威廉姆森和韦斯特莱克,2019)。有趣的是,这些疫苗中的大多数是根据经验开发的,关于保护机制的信息有限(Pulendran和Ahmed,2011)。高通量技术的发展和生物信息学的进步允许来自生物系统的多个组分的数据集的大规模生成和整合,以深入了解生理或病理事件(Pezeshki等人,2019年)。当应用于疫苗诱导的免疫应答的研究时,这种系统生物学的整体方法被称为系统疫苗学(Pulendran et al.,2010年)。该研究领域将不仅为合理的疫苗设计提供工具,而且还为新型佐剂和疫苗递送系统的开发提供工具(Raeven等人,2019年)。在这个前沿研究课题中,对现代疫苗学的一些概念进行了探讨。
The development and implementation of vaccines are one of the greatest Public Health achievements in human history (Centers-for-Disease-Control-and-Prevention, 2011a,b). In the first decade of the twenty-first century, the Expanded Program on Immunizations averts more than 2.5million deaths every year (WHO, 2009). Vaccines not only prevent deaths, disease, and disability but also provide community protection by reducing the spread of the disease within a population (Orenstein and Ahmed, 2017). In the US alone, it has been estimated that the prevention of clinical cases and deaths by vaccination for a single birth cohort represents a net savings of $68.8 billion in total societal costs (Zhou et al., 2014). Although there are vaccines internationally available against 26 infectious diseases, nearly half of all deaths from infectious diseases are caused by pathogens for which no vaccine is available (Piot et al., 2019), including emerging and re-emerging pathogens (Williamson and Westlake, 2019). Interestingly, the majority of these vaccines have been developed empirically with limited information available on the mechanisms involved in protection (Pulendran and Ahmed, 2011). The development of high-throughput technologies and the advances in bioinformatics allow the massive generation and integration of datasets from multiple components of a biological system to understand in-depth physiological or pathological events (Pezeshki et al., 2019). This holistic approach of systems biology, when applied to studies of vaccine-induced immune responses, is known as system vaccinology (Pulendran et al., 2010). This research field will provide tools not only for the rational vaccine design but also for the development of novel adjuvants and vaccine delivery systems (Raeven et al., 2019). In this Frontiers Research Topic, some concepts of modern vaccinology are explored.
疫苗接种的免疫机制。
DOI: 10.1038/ni.2039
发表时间: 2011-06
期刊: Nature immunology
影响因子: 30.5
作者:
Pulendran B;Ahmed R
通讯作者: Ahmed R
DOI: 10.1002/eji.201870016
发表时间: 2018-01
影响因子: 5.4
作者:
A. Mantovani;A. Santoni
通讯作者: A. Mantovani;A. Santoni
DOI: 10.1111/imm.13012
发表时间: 2019-01
期刊: Immunology
影响因子: 6.4
作者:
Raeven RHM;van Riet E;Meiring HD;Metz B;Kersten GFA
通讯作者: Kersten GFA
DOI: 10.1111/cei.13284
发表时间: 2019-04
影响因子: 4.6
作者:
E. Williamson;G. Westlake
通讯作者: E. Williamson;G. Westlake
DOI: --
发表时间: 2011
期刊: MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子: --
作者:
Ten Great;Public Health
通讯作者: Ten Great;Public Health