Trends in antibiotic resistance in bacterial keratitis isolates from South India.
Trends in antibiotic resistance in bacterial keratitis isolates from South India.
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DOI：
10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-308487
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Keenan JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lalitha P;Manoharan G;Karpagam R;Prajna NV;Srinivasan M;Mascarenhas J;Das M;Porco TC;Lietman TM;Cevallos V;Keenan JD
报告印度南部一家大型眼科医院细菌性角膜炎病例的抗生素耐药性趋势。在这项回顾性横断面研究中，回顾了2002-2013年在印度南部一家眼科医院确诊的感染性角膜炎患者的微生物学实验室记录，以确定抗生素不敏感的比例。在12年的时间里，3685个细菌分离物进行了药敏试验。最常见的两种耐药菌为肺炎链球菌(N=1204)和铜绿假单胞菌(N=894)。对于这两种微生物来说，抗生素不敏感一般不常见，在研究过程中没有发现明显的趋势。相比之下，在12年的研究期间，金黄色葡萄球菌(N=211)分离株对氟喹诺酮类药物的不敏感性显著增加。这与研究期间耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的显著增加相吻合，尽管氟喹诺酮类耐药性的增加同样见于对甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)。例如，MSSA对氧氟沙星的耐药率从2002年的11.1%上升到2013年的66.7%(P=0.002)。氨基糖类杀虫剂、头孢唑林或万古霉素没有明显的趋势，在体外对这些药物的不敏感度一般都很低。除金黄色葡萄球菌外，印度南部一家大型眼科医院的传染性角膜炎分离株对抗生素的耐药性基本稳定，从2002年到2013年，金黄色葡萄球菌对氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性大幅增加。在印度南部，氟喹诺酮类抗生素目前对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌的体外活性都很差，因此不是治疗葡萄球菌性角膜溃疡的理想方法。
To report trends in antibiotic resistance in cases of bacterial keratitis from a large eye hospital in South India. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the microbiology laboratory records of patients with infectious keratitis diagnosed at an eye hospital in South India from 2002–2013 were reviewed to determine the proportion with antibiotic non-susceptibility. 3685 bacterial isolates had susceptibility testing performed over the 12-year period. The two most common organisms with resistance results were Streptococcus pneumoniae (N=1204) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (N=894). Antibiotic non-susceptibility was generally uncommon for these two organisms, and no significant trends were detected over the course of the study. In contrast, Staphylococcus aureus (N=211) isolates demonstrated a significant increase in fluoroquinolone non-susceptibility over the 12-year study period. This coincided with a significant increase in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) during the study period, though the increase in fluoroquinolone resistance was likewise seen in methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). For example, ofloxacin resistance in MSSA increased from 11.1% in 2002 to 66.7% in 2013 (P=0.002). No trends were apparent for the aminoglycocides, cefazolin, or vancomycin, for which in vitro non-susceptibility generally appeared to be low. Resistance to antibiotics was generally stable for infectious keratitis isolates from a large eye hospital in South India, except for S. aureus, which experienced a significant increase in fluoroquinolone resistance from 2002 to 2013. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics currently have poor in vitro activity against both methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus in South India and are therefore not the ideal therapy for Staphylococcal corneal ulcers.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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