Defining fitness in an uncertain world.
Defining fitness in an uncertain world.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00285-017-1164-z
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发表时间：
2018-04
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Grafen A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crewe P;Gratwick R;Grafen A
最近阐明的定义适用于费舍尔在他的自然选择的基本定理相结合的生殖值适当定义的背景下，随机环境和持续波动的分布在类结构的人口。我们得到了非常简单的结果，普赖斯方程和基本定理的概括，表明自然选择只通过算术期望的健身在所有的不确定性，与以往的研究相比，波动的人口，其中自然选择看起来相当复杂。此外，我们的设置允许每个类具有其特有的倍性，从而同时覆盖单倍性、二倍体和单倍二倍体;并允许任意类，包括连续变量，如条件。通过只关注自然选择对基因型频率的影响来实现简单性：虽然模型中存在其他原因，并且在它们存在的情况下评估自然选择的影响，但这些原因将对基因型频率产生它们自己的进一步影响，这里没有评估。此外，费舍尔的使用生殖价值被证明有两个矛盾，和一个新的公理基础的生殖价值得到认可。结果继续正式达尔文主义项目，并扩展支持个人作为最大化代理类比有限人口与随机环境和波动类分布。该模型也可能导致改进的方法来衡量适合在真实的人口。
The recently elucidated definition of fitness employed by Fisher in his fundamental theorem of natural selection is combined with reproductive values as appropriately defined in the context of both random environments and continuing fluctuations in the distribution over classes in a class-structured population. We obtain astonishingly simple results, generalisations of the Price Equation and the fundamental theorem, that show natural selection acting only through the arithmetic expectation of fitness over all uncertainties, in contrast to previous studies with fluctuating demography, in which natural selection looks rather complicated. Furthermore, our setting permits each class to have its characteristic ploidy, thus covering haploidy, diploidy and haplodiploidy at the same time; and allows arbitrary classes, including continuous variables such as condition. The simplicity is achieved by focussing just on the effects of natural selection on genotype frequencies: while other causes are present in the model, and the effect of natural selection is assessed in their presence, these causes will have their own further effects on genoytpe frequencies that are not assessed here. Also, Fisher’s uses of reproductive value are shown to have two ambivalences, and a new axiomatic foundation for reproductive value is endorsed. The results continue the formal darwinism project, and extend support for the individual-as-maximising-agent analogy to finite populations with random environments and fluctuating class-distributions. The model may also lead to improved ways to measure fitness in real populations.
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通讯作者：
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