Neural signatures of saliency-mapping in anhedonia: A narrative review.

Neural signatures of saliency-mapping in anhedonia: A narrative review.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114123
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发表时间:
2021-10
影响因子:
11.3
通讯作者:
Smoski M
Smoski M
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pisoni A;Davis SW;Smoski M

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快感缺失是指失去从事以前愉快的活动的乐趣或动力,是一种与严重的临床损害有关的跨诊断症状。快感缺乏与几种不同的精神疾病有关,这为跨诊断治疗提供了一个很有希望的机会。因此,开发针对快感缺乏症的有针对性的治疗方法对人们的心理健康至关重要。这样做的一个重要的第一步是建立对快感缺乏的神经关联的透彻理解。精神病理学的三重网络模型为快感缺乏症的大脑活动如何出错提供了一个框架,特别是在显著网络(SN)功能(即显著映射)的背景下。我们提出了一篇叙述性综述,考察了显着性映射与抑郁症和跨诊断成人样本中快感缺乏严重程度的关系。结果显示,快感缺乏的增加与静息和在负面刺激背景下SN的过度活动有关,以及在积极刺激背景下SN整体缺乏参与。在这个模型中放置了治疗快感缺失的潜在方法,并对未来的研究方向进行了讨论。
Anhedonia is the loss of pleasure or motivation to engage in previously enjoyable activities, and is a transdiagnostic symptom associated with significant clinical impairment. Anhedonia is implicated in several different psychiatric disorders, presenting a promising opportunity for transdiagnostic treatment. Thus, developing targeted treatments for anhedonia is of critical importance for population mental health. An important first step in doing so is establishing a thorough understanding of the neural correlates of anhedonia. The Triple Network Model of Psychopathology provides a frame for how brain activity may go awry in anhedonia, specifically in the context of Salience Network (SN) function (i.e., saliency-mapping). We present a narrative review examining saliency-mapping as it relates to anhedonia severity in depressed and transdiagnostic adult samples. Results revealed increased anhedonia to be associated with hyperactivity of the SN at rest and in the context of negative stimuli, as well as a global lack of SN engagement in the context of positive stimuli. Potential treatments for anhedonia are placed within this model, and future directions for research are discussed.
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