Chapter 2 Cyclic phenomena at the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat

Chapter 2 Cyclic phenomena at the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat
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第二章 蒙特塞拉特苏弗里埃尔山火山的循环现象

DOI:
10.1144/m39.2
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
Geological Society, London, Memoirs
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Odbert H
Odbert H
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--
文献类型:
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作者:
Odbert H

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喷发活动的周期通常被解释为一种或多种机制处于平衡状态的证据。因此,周期特征的调节反映了影响这些机制的条件的变化。苏弗里耶尔山火山的这种半确定性行为发生在多个时间尺度上,并具有一系列喷发强度。通过记录周期性现象,可以研究调节喷发状态的机制并检查概念模型。模式识别和模型开发使得对火山活动有一定程度的短期预报能力。我们报告蒙特塞拉特发生的周期性喷发现象,规模从几个小时到几个世纪。我们确定了四种主要类型的周期性:熔岩流量的亚日变化;喷发强度的亚年周期;熔岩挤出的多年“开关”切换;地震危机的多年复发。我们利用了大量的多参数数据集(包括地震,大地测量,热,档案和视觉观测),并提出了每种类型的周期性的证据和观测,其中一些是第一次记录在这里。小波时间序列分析用于约束周期特性,在适当的情况下。我们讨论这些意见的影响,了解苏弗里耶尔山火山的喷发机制。
Cycles of eruptive activity are generally interpreted as evidence of one or more mechanisms operating in equilibrium. Modulation of cycle characteristics thus reflects changes in the conditions affecting those mechanisms. This kind of semi-deterministic behaviour at the Soufrière Hills Volcano has occurred on multiple timescales and with a range of eruptive intensity. By documenting cyclic phenomena, it is possible to investigate the mechanisms that modulate the state of the eruption and examine conceptual models. Pattern recognition and model development allows some degree of short-term forecasting ability for volcanic activity. We report the cyclic eruptive phenomena that have occurred on Montserrat on scales of hours to centuries. We identify four dominant types of cyclicity: sub-daily variations in lava flux; sub-annual cycles in eruption intensity; multi-annual ‘on–off’switching of lava extrusion; and multi-decadal recurrence of seismic crises. We exploit a wealth of multi-parameter datasets (including seismic, geodetic, thermal, archive and visual observations), and present the evidence and observations for each type of cyclicity, some of which are documented here for the first time. Wavelet time-series analysis is used to constrain cycle characteristics, where appropriate. We discuss the implications of these observations in understanding the eruptive mechanisms of the Soufrière Hills Volcano.
小规模建筑物不稳定和部门崩溃的危害影响:蒙特塞拉特苏弗里耶尔山火山的案例历史
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