Responses of two scleractinian corals to cobalt pollution and ocean acidification.
Responses of two scleractinian corals to cobalt pollution and ocean acidification.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0122898
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Houlbrèque F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biscéré T;Rodolfo-Metalpa R;Lorrain A;Chauvaud L;Thébault J;Clavier J;Houlbrèque F
海洋酸化单独或与变暖一起对珊瑚新陈代谢的影响已得到广泛研究，但这些研究都没有考虑到海岸附近的大多数珊瑚礁已经受到金属污染等其他自然人为输入的影响。预计的海洋酸化水平可能会加剧珊瑚礁的健康状况。我们首先研究了海洋酸化如何与一个附近的海岸当地丰富的金属两个主要的造礁珊瑚的生理相互作用：Stylophora pistillata和Acropora muricata。在水族箱中测试了两种pH水平（pHT 8.02; pCO 2 366 μatm和pHT 7.75; pCO 2 1140 μatm）和两种钴浓度（自然的，0.03 μg L-1和污染的，0.2 μg L-1），为期五周。我们发现，对于这两个物种，钴输入显着降低了28%的增长率，而它刺激他们的光系统II，具有较高的rETRmax值（相对电子传递速率）。升高的pCO 2水平对珊瑚rETRmax值的作用不同，并不影响其生长速率。pCO 2水平和钴浓度之间没有一致的相互作用。原位测定了高浓度钴（1.06 ± 0.16 μg L ~（-1））对A. muricata使用底栖室实验。在这个高浓度，钴同时珊瑚生长和光合速率下降，表明这种污染物的毒性阈值已达到宿主细胞和虫黄藻。我们的研究结果从水族馆和原位实验，表明这些珊瑚物种是不是特别敏感的高pCO 2条件，但它们是生态相关的钴浓度。我们的研究表明，一些珊瑚礁可能仍然受到有害的污染水平，即使没有发现pCO 2水平和钴浓度之间的相互作用，如果它们受到额外的威胁，如温度升高，其他重金属和富营养化，珊瑚的新陈代谢可能会减弱。
The effects of ocean acidification alone or in combination with warming on coral metabolism have been extensively investigated, whereas none of these studies consider that most coral reefs near shore are already impacted by other natural anthropogenic inputs such as metal pollution. It is likely that projected ocean acidification levels will aggravate coral reef health. We first investigated how ocean acidification interacts with one near shore locally abundant metal on the physiology of two major reef-building corals: Stylophora pistillata and Acropora muricata. Two pH levels (pHT 8.02; pCO2 366 μatm and pHT 7.75; pCO2 1140 μatm) and two cobalt concentrations (natural, 0.03 μg L-1 and polluted, 0.2 μg L-1) were tested during five weeks in aquaria. We found that, for both species, cobalt input decreased significantly their growth rates by 28% while it stimulated their photosystem II, with higher values of rETRmax (relative Electron Transport Rate). Elevated pCO2 levels acted differently on the coral rETRmax values and did not affect their growth rates. No consistent interaction was found between pCO2 levels and cobalt concentrations. We also measured in situ the effect of higher cobalt concentrations (1.06 ± 0.16 μg L-1) on A. muricata using benthic chamber experiments. At this elevated concentration, cobalt decreased simultaneously coral growth and photosynthetic rates, indicating that the toxic threshold for this pollutant has been reached for both host cells and zooxanthellae. Our results from both aquaria and in situ experiments, suggest that these coral species are not particularly sensitive to high pCO2 conditions but they are to ecologically relevant cobalt concentrations. Our study reveals that some reefs may be yet subjected to deleterious pollution levels, and even if no interaction between pCO2 levels and cobalt concentration has been found, it is likely that coral metabolism will be weakened if they are subjected to additional threats such as temperature increase, other heavy metals, and eutrophication.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-90-481-9268-7_9
发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
CHLORPHYLL A FLUORESCENCE IN AQUATIC SCIENCES: METHODS AND APPLICATIONS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Enriquez, Susana;Borowitzka, Michael A.
通讯作者：
Borowitzka, Michael A.
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Comeau, S.;Edmunds, P. J.;Carpenter, R. C.
通讯作者：
Carpenter, R. C.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Ferrier-Pagès, C;Houlbrèque, F;Boisson, F
通讯作者：
Boisson, F
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Bielmyer, G. K.;Grosell, M.;Capo, T. R.
通讯作者：
Capo, T. R.
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
GUZMAN, HM;JIMENEZ, CE
通讯作者：
JIMENEZ, CE