Governing Global Liquidity: Federal Reserve Swap Lines and the International Dimension of US Monetary Policy

Governing Global Liquidity: Federal Reserve Swap Lines and the International Dimension of US Monetary Policy
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治理全球流动性:美联储互换额度和美国货币政策的国际层面

DOI:
10.1080/13563467.2021.1967912
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Pape F
Pape F
中科院分区:
经济学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pape F

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自全球金融危机期间使用互换额度以来,联邦被广泛视为国际最后贷款人。然而,对紧急流动性援助的关注,往往掩盖了互换额度对美国货币治理的更广泛意义。正如本文所示,互换额度在构建和促进离岸欧洲美元流动性生产的具体做法方面,在历史上发挥了关键和不断发展的作用,以符合美国货币政策的利益。2020年初新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19,即2019冠状病毒病)市场动荡期间,互换额度的使用是当代的一个重要例子:互换额度缓解了离岸美元融资环境,但也引发了美元流动性回流美国。这些互换干预措施不仅为全球体系提供了支持,还有效地重组了跨境金融流动,使美联储能够更好地控制国内市场。然而,随着影响全球流动性状况的能力对联邦控制国内货币状况越来越重要,这些干预措施对其在管理连接国内和全球市场的不稳定和不断变化的跨境信贷关系方面的作用提出了更广泛的问题。
Since the use of swap lines during the global financial crisis, the Federal Reserve is widely seen as international lender of last resort. Yet the focus on emergency liquidity assistance tends to obscure the broader significance of swap lines for US monetary governance. As this article shows, swap lines have historically played a crucial and evolving role in structuring and facilitating specific practices of offshore Eurodollar liquidity production in the interest of US monetary policy. A key contemporary example can be found in the uptake of swap lines during the Covid-19 market turmoil in early 2020: swap lines alleviated offshore dollar funding conditions to such an extent that they also triggered reverse inflows of dollar liquidity back into the US. More than simply providing a backstop to the global system, these swap interventions effectively restructured cross-border financial flows in a way that afforded the Fed greater control over domestic markets. Yet as the capacity to influence global liquidity conditions appears increasingly crucial to the Federal Reserve’s control over domestic monetary conditions, these interventions pose broader questions about its role in managing instable and evolving cross-border credit relations that link domestic and global markets.
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