Molecular Evolution of Ecological Specialisation: Genomic Insights from the Diversification of Murine Rodents.
Molecular Evolution of Ecological Specialisation: Genomic Insights from the Diversification of Murine Rodents.
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DOI：
10.1093/gbe/evab103
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发表时间：
2021-07-06
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Rowe KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roycroft E;Achmadi A;Callahan CM;Esselstyn JA;Good JM;Moussalli A;Rowe KC
适应性辐射的特征是物种的多样化和生态分化，这一过程的复制案例为理解分子进化的可重复性和速度提供了自然实验。在适应性辐射过程中，与生态特化相关的基因可能会受到反复的正向选择。然而，目前尚不清楚谱系特异性生态专业化模式（包括表型趋同）在多大程度上与分子进化的共同特征相关。为了验证这一点，我们对38种啮齿类动物物种的遗传学分散样本的全外显子组进行了测序，该组的特征是多个嵌套适应性辐射，包括广泛的生态和表型多样性。我们发现，与免疫，生殖，饮食，消化和味觉相关的基因已经受到广泛的积极选择在啮齿类动物的多样化。我们还发现全基因组正向选择与饮食特化之间存在显著相关性，在衍生的饮食形式中正向选择的密码子位点比例较高（即，食肉动物和食草动物）比祖先形式（即，杂食动物）。尽管惊人的趋同进化的头骨形态和齿系在两个遥远的相关食虫专家，我们没有发现更多的基因与共享的签名，积极或放松的选择比在非收敛的物种比较。虽然我们检测到的一小部分基因可能与颅面形态或饮食有关，但蛋白质编码区不太可能是这种复杂趋同表型的主要遗传基础。我们的研究结果表明，积极的选择和衍生的生态表型之间的联系，并强调特定的基因和一般的功能类别，可能发挥了不可或缺的作用，广泛和快速多样化的啮齿类动物。
Adaptive radiations are characterized by the diversification and ecological differentiation of species, and replicated cases of this process provide natural experiments for understanding the repeatability and pace of molecular evolution. During adaptive radiation, genes related to ecological specialization may be subject to recurrent positive directional selection. However, it is not clear to what extent patterns of lineage-specific ecological specialization (including phenotypic convergence) are correlated with shared signatures of molecular evolution. To test this, we sequenced whole exomes from a phylogenetically dispersed sample of 38 murine rodent species, a group characterized by multiple, nested adaptive radiations comprising extensive ecological and phenotypic diversity. We found that genes associated with immunity, reproduction, diet, digestion, and taste have been subject to pervasive positive selection during the diversification of murine rodents. We also found a significant correlation between genome-wide positive selection and dietary specialization, with a higher proportion of positively selected codon sites in derived dietary forms (i.e., carnivores and herbivores) than in ancestral forms (i.e., omnivores). Despite striking convergent evolution of skull morphology and dentition in two distantly related worm-eating specialists, we did not detect more genes with shared signatures of positive or relaxed selection than in a nonconvergent species comparison. Although a small number of the genes we detected can be incidentally linked to craniofacial morphology or diet, protein-coding regions are unlikely to be the primary genetic basis of this complex convergent phenotype. Our results suggest a link between positive selection and derived ecological phenotypes, and highlight specific genes and general functional categories that may have played an integral role in the extensive and rapid diversification of murine rodents.
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Cicconardi, Francesco;Marcatili, Paolo;Steiner, Florian M.
通讯作者：
Steiner, Florian M.
影响因子：
7
作者：
Castillo-Davis, CI;Kondrashov, FA;Kulathinal, RJ
通讯作者：
Kulathinal, RJ
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Dean, Matthem D.;Good, Jeffrey M.;Nachman, Michael W.
通讯作者：
Nachman, Michael W.
影响因子：
16.8
作者：
Daane, Jacob M.;Dornburg, Alex;Harris, Matthew P.
通讯作者：
Harris, Matthew P.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Hoang DT;Chernomor O;von Haeseler A;Minh BQ;Vinh LS
通讯作者：
Vinh LS