Production of extracellular reactive oxygen species by phytoplankton: past and future directions.
Production of extracellular reactive oxygen species by phytoplankton: past and future directions.
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DOI：
10.1093/plankt/fby039
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发表时间：
2018-11
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Plummer S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diaz JM;Plummer S
在水生环境中，浮游植物是活性氧（ROS）如超氧化物和过氧化氢的主要来源。许多浮游植物类群在培养的最佳生长条件下也产生胞外ROS。然而，浮游植物产生胞外活性氧的生理目的及其对生态系统尺度营养相互作用和生物地球化学的更广泛意义仍不清楚。本文综述了浮游植物胞外超氧化物和过氧化氢产生的速率、分类多样性、亚细胞机制和功能，并展望了未来的研究方向。模型真核浮游植物和蓝藻产生细胞外超氧化物和过氧化氢的细胞归一化率跨越几个数量级，无论是内部和之间的类群。潜在的生态生理作用的细胞外活性氧的生产是多才多艺的，似乎是不同的浮游植物物种之间共享，包括鱼类毒性，化感作用，生长促进，和铁的收购。而细胞外过氧化氢可能产生于细胞内和细胞表面生产机制的组合，细胞外超氧化物主要是由跨质膜电子传递的专门系统产生的。未来的见解细胞外ROS生产的分子水平的基础上，结合现有的高灵敏度的地球化学技术的ROS动力学的直接量化，将有助于揭示的生态生理学和生物地球化学的意义，植物源性ROS在自然水生系统。
In aquatic environments, phytoplankton represent a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Many phytoplankton taxa also produce extracellular ROS under optimal growth conditions in culture. However, the physiological purpose of extracellular ROS production by phytoplankton and its wider significance to ecosystem-scale trophic interactions and biogeochemistry remain unclear. Here, we review the rates, taxonomic diversity, subcellular mechanisms and functions of extracellular superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production by phytoplankton with a view towards future research directions. Model eukaryotic phytoplankton and cyanobacteria produce extracellular superoxide and hydrogen peroxide at cell-normalized rates that span several orders of magnitude, both within and between taxa. The potential ecophysiological roles of extracellular ROS production are versatile and appear to be shared among diverse phytoplankton species, including ichthyotoxicity, allelopathy, growth promotion, and iron acquisition. Whereas extracellular hydrogen peroxide likely arises from a combination of intracellular and cell surface production mechanisms, extracellular superoxide is predominantly generated by specialized systems for transplasma membrane electron transport. Future insights into the molecular-level basis of extracellular ROS production, combined with existing high-sensitivity geochemical techniques for the direct quantification of ROS dynamics, will help unveil the ecophysiological and biogeochemical significance of phytoplankton-derived ROS in natural aquatic systems.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
Hallegraeff GM
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