Lipid Droplets, the Central Hub Integrating Cell Metabolism and the Immune System.
Lipid Droplets, the Central Hub Integrating Cell Metabolism and the Immune System.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2021.746749
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Zhao M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang W;Xu L;Zhu L;Liu Y;Yang S;Zhao M
脂滴（Lipid drops，LD）是一种存在于多种生物细胞中的与细胞代谢有关的细胞器。LD的数量和大小在细胞类型中是异质的，主要由表面上的极性脂质和蛋白质组成，核心是中性脂质。储存在LD中的中性脂质可以通过脂解和噬脂作用降解，这些作用受各种蛋白质的调节。LD的形成过程可以概括为四个步骤。除了能量产生，LD在各种生理和病理过程中发挥着极其关键的作用，如内质网应激、脂质毒性、脂溶性维生素的储存、氧化应激的调节和细胞代谢的重编程。有趣的是，LD是代谢和免疫系统之间整合的枢纽，参与抗肿瘤免疫、抗感染免疫（病毒、细菌、寄生虫等）。和一些代谢性免疫疾病。在此，我们总结了近年来阐明的LD在几种主要免疫细胞中的作用，包括T细胞，树突状细胞，巨噬细胞，肥大细胞和中性粒细胞。此外，我们分析了LD和免疫细胞之间的相互作用在两种典型的代谢免疫疾病：动脉粥样硬化和结核分枝杆菌感染中的作用。
Lipid droplets (LDs) are commonly found in various biological cells and are organelles related to cell metabolism. LDs, the number and size of which are heterogeneous across cell type, are primarily composed of polar lipids and proteins on the surface with neutral lipids in the core. Neutral lipids stored in LDs can be degraded by lipolysis and lipophagocytosis, which are regulated by various proteins. The process of LD formation can be summarized in four steps. In addition to energy production, LDs play an extremely pivotal role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipid toxicity, storage of fat-soluble vitamins, regulation of oxidative stress, and reprogramming of cell metabolism. Interestingly, LDs, the hub of integration between metabolism and the immune system, are involved in antitumor immunity, anti-infective immunity (viruses, bacteria, parasites, etc.) and some metabolic immune diseases. Herein, we summarize the role of LDs in several major immune cells as elucidated in recent years, including T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells, and neutrophils. Additionally, we analyze the role of the interaction between LDs and immune cells in two typical metabolic immune diseases: atherosclerosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
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DOI：
10.1590/s0074-02762005000900020
发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bozza, Patrícia T;Bandeira-Melo, Christianne
通讯作者：
Bandeira-Melo, Christianne
DOI：
10.1074/jbc.m115.682203
发表时间：
2015-10-30
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Oberer M
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Bailo, Rebeca;Bhatt, Apoorva;Ainsa, Jose A.
通讯作者：
Ainsa, Jose A.
影响因子：
4
作者：
Greineisen WE;Speck M;Shimoda LM;Sung C;Phan N;Maaetoft-Udsen K;Stokes AJ;Turner H
通讯作者：
Turner H
DOI：
10.1038/nri2782
发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
Nature reviews. Immunology
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
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