Plant classification from bat-like echolocation signals.
Plant classification from bat-like echolocation signals.
复制标题
来自蝙蝠的回声定位信号的植物分类。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000032
复制
发表时间：
2008-03-21
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yovel, Yossi;Franz, Matthias Otto;Stilz, Peter;Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich
根据回声对植物进行分类是蝙蝠行为的一个基本组成部分，在空间定位和食物获取方面起着重要作用。然而，植被回声是高度复杂的随机信号：从声学的角度来看，植物可以被认为是反映蝙蝠叫声的三维树叶阵列。因此，接收到的回波是许多反射的叠加。在这项工作中，我们认为，这些回声的分类可能不是一个麻烦的例行蝙蝠以前认为。我们提出了一个相当简单的方法来分类信号从一个大型的数据库中的植物回波，创建了一个频率调制的蝙蝠般的超声波脉冲声穿透植物。我们的算法使用单个回声的频谱图，它只使用蝙蝠无疑可以访问的功能。我们使用标准的机器学习算法（SVM）从频谱图中自动提取时间和频率线索的合适线性组合，从而实现高精度的分类。这表明，超声波回波是非常有用的信息的物种成员的一个声处理的植物，这种信息可以提取相当简单的，生物学上合理的分析。因此，我们的研究结果提供了一个新的解释基础，了解很少观察到的蝙蝠在分类植被和其他复杂的对象的能力。蝙蝠能够用回声定位法对植物进行分类。它们能发出超声波信号，并能根据回声识别植物。这种能力有助于它们进行许多日常活动，比如寻找与某些植物相关的食物来源，或者利用地标进行导航或归巢。植物产生的回声是高度复杂的信号，将植物所包含的许多叶子的所有反射结合在一起。因此，对植物或其他复杂物体进行分类被认为是一项棘手的任务，我们还远未了解蝙蝠是如何做到这一点的。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个简单的算法，用于根据回声对植物进行分类。我们的算法是能够分类与高精度的植物回波模拟一个典型的调频蝙蝠的发射接收参数的声纳头。我们的研究结果表明，植物分类可能比以前认为的更容易。它给了我们一些提示，哪些特征可能最适合蝙蝠，它为未来的行为实验提供了可能性，以比较它与蝙蝠的表现。
Classification of plants according to their echoes is an elementary component of bat behavior that plays an important role in spatial orientation and food acquisition. Vegetation echoes are, however, highly complex stochastic signals: from an acoustical point of view, a plant can be thought of as a three-dimensional array of leaves reflecting the emitted bat call. The received echo is therefore a superposition of many reflections. In this work we suggest that the classification of these echoes might not be such a troublesome routine for bats as formerly thought. We present a rather simple approach to classifying signals from a large database of plant echoes that were created by ensonifying plants with a frequency-modulated bat-like ultrasonic pulse. Our algorithm uses the spectrogram of a single echo from which it only uses features that are undoubtedly accessible to bats. We used a standard machine learning algorithm (SVM) to automatically extract suitable linear combinations of time and frequency cues from the spectrograms such that classification with high accuracy is enabled. This demonstrates that ultrasonic echoes are highly informative about the species membership of an ensonified plant, and that this information can be extracted with rather simple, biologically plausible analysis. Thus, our findings provide a new explanatory basis for the poorly understood observed abilities of bats in classifying vegetation and other complex objects. Bats are able to classify plants using echolocation. They emit ultrasonic signals and can recognize the plant according to the echo returning from it. This ability assists them in many of their daily activities, like finding food sources associated with certain plants or using landmarks for navigation or homing. The echoes created by plants are highly complex signals, combining together all the reflections from the many leaves that a plant contains. Classifying plants or other complex objects is therefore considered a troublesome task and we are far from understanding how bats do it. In this work, we suggest a simple algorithm for classifying plants according to their echoes. Our algorithm is able to classify with high accuracy plant echoes created by a sonar head that simulates a typical frequency-modulated bat's emitting receiving parameters. Our results suggest that plant classification might be easier than formerly considered. It gives us some hints as to which features might be most suitable for the bats, and it opens possibilities for future behavioral experiments to compare its performance with that of the bats.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Müller, R;Kuc, R
通讯作者：
Kuc, R
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Schaub, Andrea;Schnitzler, Hans Ulrich
通讯作者：
Schnitzler, Hans Ulrich
DOI：
10.1007/s00359-007-0269-z
发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Schaub, Andrea;Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich
通讯作者：
Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0308029101
发表时间：
2004-04-13
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Grunwald, JE;Schörnich, S;Wiegrebe, L
通讯作者：
Wiegrebe, L
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Thies, W;Kalko, EKV;Schnitzler, HU
通讯作者：
Schnitzler, HU