Defective Nodal and Cerl2 expression in the Arl13b(hnn) mutant node underlie its heterotaxia.

Defective Nodal and Cerl2 expression in the Arl13b(hnn) mutant node underlie its heterotaxia.
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Arl13b(hnn) 突变节点中的 Nodal 和 Cerl2 表达缺陷是其异位性的基础。

DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.04.011
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Caspary,Tamara
Caspary,Tamara
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Larkins,ChristineE;Long,AlyssaBushey;Caspary,Tamara

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胚胎发育期间左右轴的规范对于不对称器官如心脏、肺和胃的形态发生至关重要。第一个已知的左右不对称发生在小鼠胚胎中,是结节表面纤毛旋转产生的结节中的液体流动。这种流动之后是节点及其抑制剂Cerl 2在节点中的不对称表达。淋巴结中纤毛和/或液体流动的缺陷导致Nodal和Cerl 2表达缺陷,因此导致内脏器官位置不正确。在这里,我们表明纤毛蛋白Arl 13 b是需要左,右轴规范,因为它的缺乏导致异位。我们发现缺陷起源于节点,其中Cerl 2未下调,并且Nodal的不对称表达未维持,导致两个基因的对称表达。随后,Nodal在侧板中胚层(LPM)中的表达延迟。节点中的对称Nodal和Cerl 2可能是由于节点流的生成和/或检测中的缺陷导致的,这将解释LPM和器官定位中的后续缺陷。
Specification of the left–right axis during embryonic development is critical for the morphogenesis of asymmetric organs such as the heart, lungs, and stomach. The first known left–right asymmetry to occur in the mouse embryo is a leftward fluid flow in the node that is created by rotating cilia on the node surface. This flow is followed by asymmetric expression of Nodal and its inhibitor Cerl2 in the node. Defects in cilia and/or fluid flow in the node lead to defective Nodal and Cerl2 expression and therefore incorrect visceral organ situs. Here we show the cilia protein Arl13b is required for left right axis specification as its absence results in heterotaxia. We find the defect originates in the node where Cerl2 is not downregulated and asymmetric expression of Nodal is not maintained resulting in symmetric expression of both genes. Subsequently, Nodal expression is delayed in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM). Symmetric Nodal and Cerl2 in the node could result from defects in either the generation and/ or the detection of Nodal flow, which would account for the subsequent defects in the LPM and organ positioning.
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