High-toughness silk produced by a transgenic silkworm expressing spider (Araneus ventricosus) dragline silk protein.
High-toughness silk produced by a transgenic silkworm expressing spider (Araneus ventricosus) dragline silk protein.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0105325
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kojima K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuwana Y;Sezutsu H;Nakajima K;Tamada Y;Kojima K
蜘蛛拖丝是一种天然纤维，具有优异的拉伸性能;然而，它很难人工生产为长而强的纤维。本研究克隆了大腹园蛛（Araneus ventricosus）拖丝蛋白基因，构建了在茧丝中表达丝素蛋白重链和蜘蛛拖丝蛋白融合蛋白的转基因家蚕。蜘蛛丝蛋白质含量范围为0.37至0.61%w/w（1.4- 2.4mol%）天然蚕丝素蛋白。利用优良的产丝品系C515作为转基因家蚕，首次实现了从茧中制丝。引入蜘蛛拖丝蛋白后，生丝的拉伸特性（韧性）提高了53%;这种提高取决于所表达的蜘蛛拖丝蛋白的量。为了证明机器缫丝、编织和缝纫的商业可行性，我们使用转基因蜘蛛丝编织了一件背心和一条围巾;这是转基因家蚕蜘蛛丝纤维的首次应用。
Spider dragline silk is a natural fiber that has excellent tensile properties; however, it is difficult to produce artificially as a long, strong fiber. Here, the spider (Araneus ventricosus) dragline protein gene was cloned and a transgenic silkworm was generated, that expressed the fusion protein of the fibroin heavy chain and spider dragline protein in cocoon silk. The spider silk protein content ranged from 0.37 to 0.61% w/w (1.4–2.4 mol%) native silkworm fibroin. Using a good silk-producing strain, C515, as the transgenic silkworm can make the raw silk from its cocoons for the first time. The tensile characteristics (toughness) of the raw silk improved by 53% after the introduction of spider dragline silk protein; the improvement depended on the quantity of the expressed spider dragline protein. To demonstrate the commercial feasibility for machine reeling, weaving, and sewing, we used the transgenic spider silk to weave a vest and scarf; this was the first application of spider silk fibers from transgenic silkworms.
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