Actin cortex architecture regulates cell surface tension.

Actin cortex architecture regulates cell surface tension.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncb3525
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发表时间:
2017-06
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
Paluch EK
Paluch EK
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chugh P;Clark AG;Smith MB;Cassani DAD;Dierkes K;Ragab A;Roux PP;Charras G;Salbreux G;Paluch EK

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动物细胞的形状在很大程度上是由皮质决定的,皮质是质膜下的一个薄肌动蛋白网络,肌球蛋白驱动的应力在其中产生收缩张力。张力梯度导致局部收缩和驱动细胞变形。以前的皮质张力调节研究主要集中在肌球蛋白马达上。在这里,我们展示了皮质肌动蛋白网络架构同样重要。首先,我们观察到肌动蛋白皮质厚度和张力在细胞周期进程中呈负相关。然后,我们发现肌动蛋白细丝长度调节剂CFL1、CAPZB、DIAPH1调节有丝分裂皮质厚度,并发现增加和减少厚度都降低了有丝分裂中的张力。这表明有丝分裂皮质已接近最大张力。最后,使用计算模型,我们确定了在中间肌动蛋白细丝长度处实现最大张力的物理机制。我们的结果表明,肌动蛋白网络结构和肌球蛋白活性一起,是细胞表面张力调节的关键。
Animal cell shape is largely determined by the cortex, a thin actin network underlying the plasma membrane in which myosin-driven stresses generate contractile tension. Tension gradients result in local contractions and drive cell deformations. Previous cortical tension regulation studies have focused on myosin motors. Here, we show that cortical actin network architecture is equally important. First, we observe that actin cortex thickness and tension are inversely correlated during cell cycle progression. We then show that the actin filament length regulators CFL1, CAPZB, DIAPH1 regulate mitotic cortex thickness and find that both increasing and decreasing thickness decreases tension in mitosis. This suggests that the mitotic cortex is poised close to a tension maximum. Finally, using a computational model, we identify a physical mechanism by which maximum tension is achieved at intermediate actin filament lengths. Our results indicate that actin network architecture, alongside myosin activity, is key to cell surface tension regulation.
DOI: 10.1038/nrm2867
发表时间: 2010-04
期刊: Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
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