'Bois noir' phytoplasma induces significant reprogramming of the leaf transcriptome in the field grown grapevine.
'Bois noir' phytoplasma induces significant reprogramming of the leaf transcriptome in the field grown grapevine.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-10-460
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发表时间：
2009-10-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Gruden K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hren M;Nikolić P;Rotter A;Blejec A;Terrier N;Ravnikar M;Dermastia M;Gruden K
植物原体是没有细胞壁的细菌，属于Mollicutes纲。它们是专性的细胞内植物病原体，在数百种重要的经济植物中引起疾病，包括葡萄藤（葡萄）。它们的生物学知识和与宿主相互作用的机制在很大程度上是未知的，因为它们是不可培养的，并且在它们的宿主中实验上是不可接近的。我们在这里详细介绍了葡萄对植物原体反应的全球转录谱。该基因在葡萄叶片中脉的表达模式也符合上述要求。“霞多丽”自然感染了来自stolbur组16SrXII-A的植物原体，这与葡萄黄病“Bois noir”有关。我们在一个多产的葡萄园建立了一个现场实验系统，允许在植物自然环境中应用分子工具。利用微阵列数据集和代谢途径分析软件（MapMan）比较感染样本与健康样本的全局转录谱。这项为期两年的实验表明，植物参与初级和次级代谢途径的基因在感染后发生了变化，这些变化可能支持植物原体的营养。证实了植物原体与植物碳水化合物代谢相互作用的假设，并讨论了植物原体如何利用这一途径的产物的可能性。此外，一些光合基因在感染植株中被大量下调，而黄酮类化合物和一些PR蛋白形成的代谢途径的防御基因被显著诱导。在健康植物和感染植物中，很少有其他涉及防御信号的基因有差异表达。另外，通过实时荧光定量PCR对从几种差异表达途径中选择的17个基因进行了分析，证实它们适合于可靠的感染植物分类和田间条件下易感特征的表征。本研究揭示了葡萄与树莓‘Bois noir’植物原体相互作用的一些基本方面，特别是植物与植物原体的相互作用。此外，该研究的结果可能会对葡萄改良产生影响，通过产生可用于植物原体新诊断分析的标记基因，或通过确定有助于改善葡萄特性的候选基因。
Phytoplasmas are bacteria without cell walls from the class Mollicutes. They are obligate intracellular plant pathogens which cause diseases in hundreds of economically important plants including the grapevine (Vitis vinifera). Knowledge of their biology and the mechanisms of their interactions with hosts is largely unknown because they are uncultivable and experimentally inaccessible in their hosts. We detail here the global transcriptional profiling in grapevine responses to phytoplasmas. The gene expression patterns were followed in leaf midribs of grapevine cv. 'Chardonnay' naturally infected with a phytoplasma from the stolbur group 16SrXII-A, which is associated with the grapevine yellows disease 'Bois noir'. We established an on field experimental system in a productive vineyard that allowed application of molecular tools in a plant natural environment. Global transcription profiles of infected samples were compared with the healthy ones using microarray datasets and metabolic pathway analysis software (MapMan). The two-year-long experiment revealed that plant genes involved in primary and secondary metabolic pathways were changed in response to infection and that these changes might support phytoplasma nutrition. A hypothesis that phytoplasmas interact with the plant carbohydrate metabolism was proven and some possibilities how the products of this pathway might be utilized by phytoplasmas are discussed. In addition, several photosynthetic genes were largely down-regulated in infected plants, whereas defense genes from the metabolic pathway leading to formation of flavonoids and some PR proteins were significantly induced. Few other genes involved in defense-signaling were differentially expressed in healthy and infected plants. A set of 17 selected genes from several differentially expressed pathways was additionally analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR and confirmed to be suitable for a reliable classification of infected plants and for the characterization of susceptibility features in the field conditions. This study revealed some fundamental aspects of grapevine interactions with the stolbur 'Bois noir' phytoplasma in particular and some plant interactions with phytoplasmas in general. In addition, the results of the study will likely have an impact on grape improvement by yielding marker genes that can be used in new diagnostic assays for phytoplasmas or by identifying candidate genes that contribute to the improved properties of grape.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.97.1.262
发表时间：
2000-01-04
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Brown, MPS;Grundy, WN;Haussler, D
通讯作者：
Haussler, D
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Hao, Peiying;Liu, Caixiang;He, Guangcun
通讯作者：
He, Guangcun
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Albertazzi, Giorgia;Milc, Justyna;Pecchioni, Nicola
通讯作者：
Pecchioni, Nicola
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Iglesias, VA;Meins, F
通讯作者：
Meins, F
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Christensen, NM;Nicolaisen, M;Schulz, A
通讯作者：
Schulz, A