Vascular basis for brain degeneration: faltering controls and risk factors for dementia.
Vascular basis for brain degeneration: faltering controls and risk factors for dementia.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00352.x
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发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Kalaria RN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalaria RN
血管系统的完整性对大脑的有效运作至关重要。大脑的宏观或微循环中与衰老相关的结构和功能障碍使其容易受到认知功能障碍的影响，从而导致大脑退化和痴呆症。几个摇摇欲坠的控制，包括自动调节，神经血管耦合，血脑屏障渗漏，脑脊液减少和血管张力降低的障碍，似乎负责不同程度的老年神经退行性变。有充分的证据表明，血管风险因素也与认知能力下降和痴呆症之前的神经退行性过程有关。年龄是脑退化的最大风险因素，无论它是由血管或神经退行性机制或两者引起的。然而，一些可改变的风险，如心血管疾病、高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病和肥胖症，增加了认知能力下降的速度，特别是增加了患阿尔茨海默病的风险。载脂蛋白E ε4等位基因和环境等遗传因素可能会改变脑病变的最终累积。维持或改善心血管健康的生活方式措施，包括健康饮食，适度饮酒和定期体育锻炼，是保护大脑的重要因素。
The integrity of the vascular system is essential for the efficient functioning of the brain. Ageing related structural and functional disturbances in the macro- or microcirculation of the brain make it vulnerable to cognitive dysfunction leading to brain degeneration and dementing illness. Several faltering controls including impairment in autoregulation, neurovascular coupling, blood-brain barrier leakage, decreased cerebrospinal fluid and reduced vascular tone appear responsible for variable degrees of neurodegeneration in old age. There is ample evidence that vascular risk factors are also linked to neurodegenerative processes preceding cognitive decline and dementia. Age is the strongest risk factor for brain degeneration whether it results from vascular or neurodegenerative mechanisms or both. However, several modifiable risks such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes and obesity enhance the rate of cognitive decline and increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in particular. The ultimate accumulation of brain pathological lesions may be modified by genetic influences such as apoliopoprotein E ε4 allele and the environment. Lifestyle measures that maintain or improve cardiovascular health including consumption of healthy diets, moderate use of alcohol and implementing regular physical exercise are important factors for brain protection.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
9.9
作者：
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影响因子：
168.9
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