Autistic phenomenology: past, present, and potential future.
Autistic phenomenology: past, present, and potential future.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1287209
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Shaughnessy N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green J;Shaughnessy N
我们现在正处于自闭症概念化，科学和临床实践的过渡点，现象学可以发挥关键作用。本文以广泛的观点的自闭症概念的现象学观点的历史，以及如何随着时间的推移，包括同时代的理论和方法。在古典大陆现象学的传统中，从临床角度进行的早期调查与精神分裂症的考虑密切相关，与儿童发展的新兴观察和世纪后半期对行为自闭症表型的科学调查形成对比，在该时期很少或根本没有现象学方面;一种在当前疾病分类学中确定了自闭症最近科学和临床概念的表型。然后，我们标志着最近重新唤醒的跨学科的兴趣，在主观经验和现象学的调查，这本身与日益突出和显着的神经多样性运动，自闭症的宣传，和关键的自闭症研究。我们回顾这一新兴的现象学工作，同时从自闭症患者自己的广泛文献（包括生活写作）中的临床现象学视角和自闭症经验的表征;随着该领域的发展，我们认为现在需要将所有的视角并置和对话。我们认为，未来可以建立在这样的帐户在一个更大的规模，朝着一个更共同建设的，系统的，有代表性的，和经验的自闭症现象学，这将包括公民和参与性的科学方法。在这方面的成功不仅意味着自闭症的经验和主观性将重新整合回自闭症概念的共同理解，但我们也认为，可能有一个增强的描述性疾病分类学，其中关键的主观和现象学的经验，区分自闭症，可以确定与当前的行为和发展描述符的最终目标。这种进步可能会带来重大好处，包括增加专业人士和自闭症社区之间的相互同情和共同语言，通过以前被忽视的自闭症经验方面提供关键的新研究重点，以及医疗保健和教育的潜在新支持创新。为此，我们概述了一个方案和方法上的考虑。
We are now at a transition point in autism conceptualisation, science, and clinical practise, where phenomenology could play a key role. This paper takes a broad view of the history of phenomenological perspectives on the autism concept and how this has evolved over time, including contemporaneous theory and methods. Early inquiry from a clinical perspective within the tradition of classical continental phenomenology, linked closely to the consideration of schizophrenia, is contrasted with emerging observations of child development and a period in the second half of the twentieth century of scientific inquiry into a behavioural autistic phenotype where there was little or no phenomenological aspect; a phenotype that has determined the recent scientific and clinical conceptualisation of autism within current nosology. We then mark a more recent reawakening of interdisciplinary interest in subjective experience and phenomenological inquiry, which itself coincides with the increasing prominence and salience of the neurodiversity movement, autistic advocacy, and critical autism studies. We review this emerging phenomenological work alongside a contemporaneous clinical phenomenology perspective and representations of autistic experience from within the extensive literature (including life writing) from autistic people themselves; all perspectives that we argue need now be brought into juxtaposition and dialogue as the field moves forward. We argue from this for a future which could build on such accounts at a greater scale, working toward a more co-constructed, systematic, representative, and empirical autistic phenomenology, which would include citizen and participatory science approaches. Success in this would not only mean that autistic experience and subjectivity would be re-integrated back into a shared understanding of the autism concept, but we also argue that there could be the eventual goal of an enhanced descriptive nosology, in which key subjective and phenomenological experiences, discriminating for autism, could be identified alongside current behavioural and developmental descriptors. Such progress could have major benefits, including increased mutual empathy and common language between professionals and the autistic community, the provision of crucial new foci for research through aspects of autistic experience previously neglected, and potential new supportive innovations for healthcare and education. We outline a programme and methodological considerations to this end.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Narzisi A;Muccio R
通讯作者：
Muccio R
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Bervoets J;Hens K
通讯作者：
Hens K