DNA methylation and microRNA biomarkers for noninvasive detection of gastric and colorectal cancer.
DNA methylation and microRNA biomarkers for noninvasive detection of gastric and colorectal cancer.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.001
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发表时间：
2014-12-05
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Goel, Ajay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Toiyama, Yuji;Okugawa, Yoshinaga;Goel, Ajay
癌症的发生和发展受遗传和表观遗传事件的控制。表观遗传学是指研究改变基因表达而不永久改变DNA序列的机制。表观遗传改变是可逆的和可遗传的，包括组蛋白修饰、DNA甲基化和非编码RNA介导的基因沉默的变化。表观遗传过程的破坏可导致基因功能改变和恶性细胞转化。异常表观遗传修饰发生在肿瘤转化的最早阶段，现在被认为是癌症发生和发展的重要因素。表观遗传学的最新进展不仅提供了对致癌的潜在机制的更深入的理解，而且还允许鉴定用于癌症患者的早期检测、疾病监测、预后和风险评估的临床相关推定生物标志物。目前，DNA甲基化和非编码RNA（包括microRNA（miRNA）和长链非编码RNA（lncRNA））代表了关于表观遗传生物标志物的最大可用文献，具有最高的癌症诊断潜力。在体循环中鉴定无细胞核酸之后，越来越多的证据已经证明血液或其他体液中的无细胞表观遗传生物标志物用于癌症检测的潜力。在这篇文章中，我们总结了关于表观遗传生物标志物的知识现状-主要是DNA甲基化和非编码RNA-作为胃癌和结直肠癌（胃肠道内两种最常见的癌症）中癌症检测的潜在底物。我们还讨论了限制表观遗传生物标志物在临床环境中常规使用的障碍，并提供了我们对可能有助于克服这些障碍的方法的看法，以便这些生物标志物可以很容易地开发用于癌症患者的临床管理。
Cancer initiation and progression is controlled by both genetic and epigenetic events. Epigenetics refers to the study of mechanisms that alter gene expression without permanently altering the DNA sequence. Epigenetic alterations are reversible and heritable, and include changes in histone modifications, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNA-mediated gene silencing. Disruption of epigenetic processes can lead to altered gene function and malignant cellular transformation. Aberrant epigenetic modifications occur at the earliest stages of neoplastic transformation and are now believed to be essential players in cancer initiation and progression. Recent advances in epigenetics have not only offered a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanism(s) of carcinogenesis, but have also allowed identification of clinically relevant putative biomarkers for the early detection, disease monitoring, prognosis and risk assessment of cancer patients. At this moment, DNA methylation and non-coding RNA including with microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent the largest body of available literature on epigenetic biomarkers with the highest potential for cancer diagnosis. Following identification of cell-free nucleic acids in systematic circulation, increasing evidence has demonstrated the potential of cell-free epigenetic biomarkers in the blood or other body fluids for cancer detection. In this article, we summarize the current state of knowledge on epigenetic biomarkers — primarily DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs — as potential substrates for cancer detection in gastric and colorectal cancer, the two most frequent cancers within the gastrointestinal tract. We also discuss the obstacles that have limited the routine use of epigenetic biomarkers in the clinical settings and provide our perspective on approaches that might help overcome these hurdles, so that these biomarkers can be readily developed for clinical management of cancer patients.
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影响因子：
39.2
作者：
Ahlquist DA;Sargent DJ;Loprinzi CL;Levin TR;Rex DK;Ahnen DJ;Knigge K;Lance MP;Burgart LJ;Hamilton SR;Allison JE;Lawson MJ;Devens ME;Harrington JJ;Hillman SL
通讯作者：
Hillman SL
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
Berger, Shelley L.;Kouzarides, Tony;Shilatifard, Ali
通讯作者：
Shilatifard, Ali
影响因子：
24.5
作者：
Church TR;Wandell M;Lofton-Day C;Mongin SJ;Burger M;Payne SR;Castaños-Vélez E;Blumenstein BA;Rösch T;Osborn N;Snover D;Day RW;Ransohoff DF;PRESEPT Clinical Study Steering Committee, Investigators and Study Team
通讯作者：
PRESEPT Clinical Study Steering Committee, Investigators and Study Team
循环microRNA作为癌症治疗和预后的微创生物标志物。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cho WC
通讯作者：
Cho WC
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cheng H;Zhang L;Cogdell DE;Zheng H;Schetter AJ;Nykter M;Harris CC;Chen K;Hamilton SR;Zhang W
通讯作者：
Zhang W