Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus pathogenesis.

Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus pathogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2016.0275
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发表时间:
2017-10-19
期刊:
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Schulz TF
Schulz TF
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mariggiò G;Koch S;Schulz TF

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卡波西肉瘤疱疹病毒 (KSHV),分类学名称人类伽马疱疹病毒 8,是一种系统发育古老的人类病毒,与人类共同进化,但目前仅在撒哈拉以南非洲、地中海周围、南美洲部分地区和少数种族社区常见(血清阳性率大于 10%)。 KSHV 可引起三种人类恶性肿瘤:卡波西肉瘤、原发性渗出性淋巴瘤、许多浆母细胞形式的多中心卡斯尔曼病 (MCD) 以及偶尔由 MCD 引起的浆母细胞淋巴瘤;它还与罕见的骨髓衰竭和肝炎有关。由于它在生理上已经在人类中定居了数千年,因此需要辅因子来使其发挥其致病潜力。在大多数情况下,这些包括遗传、医源性或感染性免疫缺陷,而炎症似乎在疾病发展中发挥着重要作用。我们对其生命周期及其在发病机制中的作用有了很大的了解,现在应该使我们能够开发针对对病毒复制或持久性至关重要的关键病毒蛋白或细胞内途径的新治疗策略。同样,其有限的(对于疱疹病毒)分布和传播应该为开发和使用疫苗来预防传播提供机会。本文是“人类致癌病毒”主题的一部分。
Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), taxonomical name human gammaherpesvirus 8, is a phylogenetically old human virus that co-evolved with human populations, but is now only common (seroprevalence greater than 10%) in sub-Saharan Africa, around the Mediterranean Sea, parts of South America and in a few ethnic communities. KSHV causes three human malignancies, Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and many cases of the plasmablastic form of multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) as well as occasional cases of plasmablastic lymphoma arising from MCD; it has also been linked to rare cases of bone marrow failure and hepatitis. As it has colonized humans physiologically for many thousand years, cofactors are needed to allow it to unfold its pathogenic potential. In most cases, these include immune defects of genetic, iatrogenic or infectious origin, and inflammation appears to play an important role in disease development. Our much improved understanding of its life cycle and its role in pathogenesis should now allow us to develop new therapeutic strategies directed against key viral proteins or intracellular pathways that are crucial for virus replication or persistence. Likewise, its limited (for a herpesvirus) distribution and transmission should offer an opportunity for the development and use of a vaccine to prevent transmission. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Human oncogenic viruses’.
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