Biomechanical factors in osteoarthritis.
Biomechanical factors in osteoarthritis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.berh.2011.11.013
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发表时间：
2011-12
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Guilak, Farshid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guilak, Farshid
生物力学因素对关节的健康起着重要的作用。与肥胖、对线不良、创伤或关节不稳定相关的关节负荷改变是关节退行性变的关键风险因素，而运动和减肥通常被证明对骨关节炎关节有益。机械应力改变关节软骨或其他关节组织的生理学或病理生理学的机制可能涉及与遗传和分子影响的复杂相互作用，特别是继发于损伤或肥胖的局部或全身炎症。软骨细胞使用多种机制感知来自其环境的物理信号，包括离子通道、整合素介导的与涉及膜、细胞骨架和细胞内变形的细胞外基质的连接。对软骨细胞力学传导中生物物理和分子途径的进一步了解可以为骨关节炎新治疗方法的发展提供深入了解。
Biomechanical factors play an important role in the health of diarthrodial joints. Altered joint loading — associated to obesity, malalignment, trauma, or joint instability — is a critical risk factor for joint degeneration, whereas exercise and weight loss have generally been shown to promote beneficial effects for osteoarthritic joints. The mechanisms by which mechanical stress alters the physiology or pathophysiology of articular cartilage or other joint tissues likely involve complex interactions with genetic and molecular influences, particularly local or systemic inflammation secondary to injury or obesity. Chondrocytes perceive physical signals from their environment using a variety of mechanisms, including ion channels, integrin-mediated connections to the extracellular matrix that involve membrane, cytoskeletal, and intracellular deformation. An improved understanding of the biophysical and molecular pathways involved in chondrocyte mechanotransduction can provide insight into the development of novel therapeutic approaches for osteoarthritis.
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