In vivo imaging for stem cell therapy: new developments and future challenges.
In vivo imaging for stem cell therapy: new developments and future challenges.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00259-010-1695-7
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Rodriguez-Porcel, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lucignani, Giovanni;Rodriguez-Porcel, Martin
近年来，基于干细胞的再生医学这一突破性领域为一系列疾病的潜在新疗法带来了诱人的前景。成人自体干细胞已经在人类早期临床试验中进行了测试，在某些情况下，现在正在进行长期临床试验。与此同时，基于胚胎干细胞和诱导多能干细胞（重编程分化的体细胞）的潜在疗法仍处于基础研究阶段;将其转化为人类疾病将取决于适当解决关键问题，如诱变和恶性转化的风险。此外，在人类临床翻译的技术显示，是适合于动物模型的疾病可能会遇到障碍，超越简单的生物相容性问题。需要克服的挑战与这些技术的高成本、它们在急性条件下的适用性、对胚胎细胞使用的伦理问题以及监管批准的需要等有关[2]。关于移植干细胞的植入、存活力、生物学和安全性，以及将器官功能信息与它们在活体受试者中的存在/不存在相关联的可行性，仍然存在重要的未回答的问题。这些问题可以通过在活体中使用移植干细胞的非侵入性成像来解决。事实上，非侵入性的分子成像策略注定要发挥越来越重要的作用，因为不同的再生疗法的临床使用进行测试。这种成像数据可以潜在地揭示外源干细胞与宿主生物体的相互作用，并为诸如最佳细胞类型、递送时机、剂量和递送途径等问题提供答案。理想的成像模式，将具有良好的空间分辨率和分子灵敏度，应该能够引导细胞的交付，并应连续监测干细胞的命运。然而，目前不存在这样的成像模态。使用直接标记，如氧化铁或[18 F]氟脱氧葡萄糖的化合物，受到阻碍的关注，标记可能会成为从外源性干细胞解离，因此，这种方法可能不是一个可靠的手段，监测长期的细胞活力。相反，这些技术仍然是确定干细胞递送立即成功的有效方法。与此同时，报告基因成像是一种
In recent years, the ground-breaking field of stem cellbased regenerative medicine has been throwing up the tantalising prospect of potential new therapies for a range of diseases. Adult, autologous stem cells have already been tested in early-phase clinical trials in humans and in some cases are now being examined in longer-term clinical trials. Meanwhile, potential therapies based on embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (reprogrammed differentiated somatic cells) are still in the basic research phases; their translation to human diseases will depend on the adequate addressing of crucial issues, such as the risk of mutagenesis and malignant transformation. Furthermore, the clinical translation, to humans, of techniques shown to be suitable in animal models of disease may encounter hurdles beyond simple biocompatibility issues. Challenges to be overcome are related, among other things, to the high cost of these techniques, their applicability in acute conditions, ethical concerns over the use of embryonic cells and the need for regulatory approval [2]. There also remain important unanswered questions regarding the engraftment, viability, biology and safety of transplanted stem cells, as well as the feasibility of correlating organ functional information with their presence/absence in the living subject. These are questions that can be addressed through the use of non-invasive imaging of transplanted stem cells in the living subject. Indeed, noninvasive molecular imaging strategies are destined to play an increasingly critical role as the different regenerative therapies are tested for clinical use. Such imaging data can potentially shed light on the interaction of exogenous stem cells with the host organism and provide answers to questions such as the best cell type (s), timing of delivery, dose and delivery route to use. The ideal imaging modality, which will have excellent spatial resolution and molecular sensitivity, should be able to guide the delivery of cells and should serially monitor stem cell fate. Currently, however, no such imaging modality exists. The use of direct labelling, with compounds such as iron oxide or [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose, is hindered by concerns that the label may become dissociated from the exogenous stem cell and that this approach may thus not be a reliable means of monitoring long-term cell viability. Conversely, these techniques continue to be a valid method for determining the immediate success of stem cell delivery. Reporter gene imaging, meanwhile, is a
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Schäfer R;Bantleon R;Kehlbach R;Siegel G;Wiskirchen J;Wolburg H;Kluba T;Eibofner F;Northoff H;Claussen CD;Schlemmer HP
通讯作者：
Schlemmer HP
影响因子：
82.9
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Nimmagadda S;Pullambhatla M;Stone K;Green G;Bhujwalla ZM;Pomper MG
通讯作者：
Pomper MG
影响因子：
24
作者：
Terrovitis, John;Lautamaeki, Riikka;Bonios, Michael;Fox, James;Engles, James M.;Yu, Jianhua;Leppo, Michelle K.;Pomper, Martin G.;Wahl, Richard L.;Seidel, Jurgen;Tsui, Benjamin M.;Bengel, Frank M.;Abraham, M. Roselle;Marban, Eduardo
通讯作者：
Marban, Eduardo
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Burghoff, Sandra;Ding, Zhaoping;Schrader, Juergen
通讯作者：
Schrader, Juergen