Preclinical models for obesity research.
Preclinical models for obesity research.
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DOI：
10.1242/dmm.026443
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Morgan PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barrett P;Mercer JG;Morgan PJ
应对全球肥胖流行病的多维策略需要深入了解这种复杂疾病的机制。目前大部分的机制知识都来自于临床前研究，主要是在实验室小鼠和大鼠品系中进行的，但不限于此。这些实验模型模拟了人类状况的某些方面及其根源，特别是过度消耗卡路里和不平衡的饮食。与人类肥胖一样，啮齿类动物的肥胖是复杂的基因-环境相互作用的结果。在这里，我们回顾了传统的单基因模型的肥胖，他们的当代光遗传学和化学遗传学的继任者，以及使用饮食操纵和膳食喂养制度，以概括人类肥胖的复杂性。我们批判性地评估这些不同模型的优点和缺点，以探索潜在的机制，包括驱动食欲控制等行为的神经回路。我们还讨论了使用这些模型来测试和筛选抗肥胖药物，有益的生物活性物质和营养策略，最终将这些发现转化为人类肥胖的治疗。总结：我们回顾了肥胖的遗传模型，它们的光遗传学和化学遗传学继承者，以及饮食操作和膳食喂养制度的使用。
A multi-dimensional strategy to tackle the global obesity epidemic requires an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms that underlie this complex condition. Much of the current mechanistic knowledge has arisen from preclinical research performed mostly, but not exclusively, in laboratory mouse and rat strains. These experimental models mimic certain aspects of the human condition and its root causes, particularly the over-consumption of calories and unbalanced diets. As with human obesity, obesity in rodents is the result of complex gene–environment interactions. Here, we review the traditional monogenic models of obesity, their contemporary optogenetic and chemogenetic successors, and the use of dietary manipulations and meal-feeding regimes to recapitulate the complexity of human obesity. We critically appraise the strengths and weaknesses of these different models to explore the underlying mechanisms, including the neural circuits that drive behaviours such as appetite control. We also discuss the use of these models for testing and screening anti-obesity drugs, beneficial bio-actives, and nutritional strategies, with the goal of ultimately translating these findings for the treatment of human obesity. Summary: We review genetic models of obesity, their optogenetic and chemogenetic successors, and the use of dietary manipulations and meal-feeding regimes.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0700293104
发表时间：
2007-03-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Armbruster, Blaine N.;Li, Xiang;Roth, Bryan L.
通讯作者：
Roth, Bryan L.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Bake T;Morgan DG;Mercer JG
通讯作者：
Mercer JG
影响因子：
30.8
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Brenseke, Bonnie;Bahamonde, Javiera;Good, Deborah J.
通讯作者：
Good, Deborah J.
DOI：
10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.3.e443
发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Breslow, MJ;Min-Lee, K;Berkowitz, DE
通讯作者：
Berkowitz, DE