Individual differences in risky decision-making among seniors reflect increased reward sensitivity.
Individual differences in risky decision-making among seniors reflect increased reward sensitivity.
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老年人在风险决策中的个体差异反映了奖励敏感性的提高。
DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2012.00111
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Ridderinkhof KR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cavanagh JF;Neville D;Cohen MX;Van de Vijver I;Harsay H;Watson P;Buitenweg JI;Ridderinkhof KR
年龄的增长与决策过程中微妙但有意义的变化有关。然而，这些心理变化在多大程度上反映了决策质量的年龄相关变化，目前尚不清楚。在这里，我们调查了年龄对潜在的认知过程与风险决策的气球模拟风险任务（BART）。在BART中，参与者反复充气气球，以增加潜在的奖励。在任何时候，参与者都可以决定兑现以收获奖励，或者他们可以继续，冒着气球爆裂的风险，抹去所有的收入。我们发现，在老年人中，当气球爆裂的可能性更高时，年龄的增加与更大的奖励相关风险有关（即，“高风险”状况）。认知模型的分层贝叶斯估计结果表明，性能差异是由于在高风险条件下，老年人的奖励敏感性增加。
Increasing age is associated with subtle but meaningful changes in decision-making. It is unknown, however, to what degree these psychological changes are reflective of age-related changes in decision quality. Here, we investigated the effect of age on latent cognitive processes associated with risky decision-making on the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART). In the BART, participants repetitively inflate a balloon in order to increase potential reward. At any point, participants can decide to cash-out to harvest the reward, or they can continue, risking a balloon pop that erases all earnings. We found that among seniors, increasing age was associated with greater reward-related risk taking when the balloon has a higher probability of popping (i.e., a “high risk” condition). Cognitive modeling results from hierarchical Bayesian estimation suggested that performance differences were due to increased reward sensitivity in high risk conditions in seniors.
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1390.022
发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
REWARD AND DECISION MAKING IN CORTICOBASAL GANGLIA NETWORKS
影响因子：
--
作者：
O'Doherty, John P.;Hampton, Alan;Kim, Hackjin
通讯作者：
Kim, Hackjin
风险选择的年龄差异：荟萃分析。
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Mata R;Josef AK;Samanez-Larkin GR;Hertwig R
通讯作者：
Hertwig R
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Ratcliff, Roger;Thapar, Anjali;McKoon, Gail
通讯作者：
McKoon, Gail
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Lejuez, CW;Read, JP;Brown, RA
通讯作者：
Brown, RA
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Wallsten, TS;Pleskac, TJ;Lejuez, CW
通讯作者：
Lejuez, CW